Cell structure

Question 1

What are all living things made from

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

Each of the cell types have the same structure (t or f)

Answer 2

F

Question 3

What are the kinds of cells

Answer 3

Fungus, plant, animal and bacteria

Question 4

What does the nucleus do and what has it

Answer 4

It controls cell activities and contains dna.
Plant,animal,fungus

Question 5

What does the cytoplasm do and what has it

Answer 5

Site of many chemical reactions, and all the cells have it

Question 6

What does the cell wall do and what cells have it

Answer 6

Gives the cell a rigid structure, and plant, fungus and bacteria have it

Question 7

What does the cell membrane do and what cells have it

Answer 7

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell, and all the cells have it

Question 8

What does the chloroplast do and what cells have it

Answer 8

It is the site of photosynthesis and only plant cells have it

Question 9

What does the vacuole do and what has it

Answer 9

stores cell sap and controls water balance and fungus and plant have it

Question 10

What does the ribosome do and what cells have it

Answer 10

Site of protein synthesis and all the cells have it

Question 11

How do molecules move across the cell membrane?

Answer 11

Diffusion, osmosis and active transport

Question 12

What is the cell membrane composed of and how is it described

Answer 12

It’s composed of lipids and proteins and is described as being selectively permeable which means it allows some substances to pass across it but not all substances.

Question 13

How does carbon dioxide move out of the cells

Answer 13

Diffusion

Question 14

What is osmosis

Answer 14

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a semi permeable membrane

Question 15

How is diffusion important to cells

Answer 15

It is an important strategy to move materials in and out of cells to get raw materials in and and to get rid of waste materials out

Question 16

What substance’s move into cells by diffusion

Answer 16

Glucose, oxygen and amino acids

Question 17

What’s the difference between active transport and passive transport

Answer 17

Active transport which means it requires energy from ATP and passive transport does not

Question 18

Is osmosis active transport or passive

Answer 18

It’s passive

Question 19

What is a solution often made up of

Answer 19

Often by dissolving a substance in water

Question 20

Do cells respond differently to treatment in solution

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

Pure water does not have a higher concentration than most cells, does it

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What happens to animal cells when placed solution with a higher water concentration than their cell contents

Answer 22

They burst

Question 23

What happens to a plant cell if left in a solution with a high water concentration

Answer 23

They become turgid

Question 24

If placed in a solution with a lower water concentration that the cell contains what would happen to a plant cell

Answer 24

It becomes plasmolysed

Question 25

If placed in a solution with a lower water concentration that the cell contains what would happen to an animal cell

Answer 25

It would shrink

Question 26

What does turgid mean

Answer 26

Swollen

Question 27

What happens to animal and plant cells if the water concentration is the same on the inside and the outside of the cell

Answer 27

Nothing

Question 28

What is active transport

Answer 28

Active transport is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration (against the concentration gradient)

Question 29

How are molecules often pumped across the membrane during active transport

Answer 29

By the proteins in the membrane

Question 30

Because active transport is dependent on ATP….

Answer 30

…the factors which affect the rate of respiration will also affect the rate of active transport e.g. temperature and oxygen availability

Question 31

Proteins are very important biological molecules as they:

Answer 31

Control a lot of things that keep the cells functioning

Question 32

What are proteins made up of

Answer 32

Amino acids

Question 33

Roughly how many amino acids are there and what do they do when they are arranged

Answer 33

There’s about 20 and when arranged in different combinations they make a very large variety of molecules which are different shapes they make a very large variety of molecules which are different shapes

Question 34

What are the 3 globular proteins

Answer 34

Enzymes, hormones and antibodies

Question 35

What is an example of proteins being structural

Answer 35

Keratin in our skin

Question 36

What are enzymes and how are they produced

Answer 36

They are the body’s defence against diseases and they are produced by the white blood cells to prevent infection

Question 36

What are hormones and how do they travel

Answer 36

Hormones are chemical messengers which allow different parts of our body to communicate with each other and they travel around the body through the blood

Question 37

Enzymes are biological catalysts, explain what this means

Answer 37

It means they speed up chemical reactions without being used up in the reaction

Question 38

They are made by all And have a role to play in most .

Answer 38

Living cells, cellular processes

Question 39

Explain the lock and key thing with enzymes and their *blank*

Answer 39

Each enzyme has a different shape which is very important for its function and enzymes work by binding to the molecule needing changed called the substrate an each enzymes only binds to one specific substrate because of the shape only one molecule will fit into the enzymes reaction site

Question 40

What would use the word specific to do describe

Answer 40

Enzyme

Question 41

How is the activity of an enzyme impacted by the environment

Answer 41

Depending on things like the PH and tempature

Question 42

The conditions an enzyme works best at are called

Answer 42

Optimum conditions for that enzyme