Cell Structure

Question 1

M phase

Answer 1

chromosomes condense, nucleus & cytoplasm divide

Question 2

G1 Phase (gap)

Answer 2

interval between end of mitosis and beginning of S

Question 3

S Phase (synthesis)

Answer 3

nuclear DNA replicated

Question 4

G2 Phase

Answer 4

interval between end of S phase and beginning of mitosis

Question 5

Interphase

Answer 5

G1+S+G2

Question 6

G0

Answer 6

quiescence; cease dividing. then enter into S phase

Question 7

How often does cell cycle happen?

Answer 7

every 12 hours in intestinal epithelial cell, once a year in liver cell, some cells exit cell cycle.

Question 8

phases of mitosis

Answer 8

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokenesis

Question 9

prophase

Answer 9

chromosomes condense, not attached to mitotic spindle

Question 10

prometaphase

Answer 10

nuclear envelope disassembled, mitotic spindle sends out microtubules, microtubules bind to kinetochore at centromeres and capture chromosomes

Question 11

metaphase

Answer 11

chromosomes align along equitorial plate

Question 12

anaphase

Answer 12

sister chromatid connections cut, one of each travel to opposite poles

Question 13

telophase

Answer 13

nuclear envelope reassembles to form 2 daughter nuclei, chromos decondense into interphase state

Question 14

G2/M Checkpoint

Answer 14

unreplicated DNA prevent entry to M phase (mitosis)

Question 15

Spindle Checkpoint (aka Metaphase Checkpoint)

Answer 15

improper assembly of spindle leads to arrest in anaphase (chromosomes not lined up)

Question 16

Restriction Checkpoint (G1 Checkpoint)

Answer 16

prevents entry into S phase until DNA damage repaired