Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

The dynamic cell > Cell structure and extracellular matrix > Flashcards

Cell structure and extracellular matrix Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four basic plant tissues?

A

Dermal tissue/ epithelium
Vascular tissue
Ground tissue
Meristematic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is epithelium found in plants?

A

Outer layers of stems, roots and leaves

1 inner layer in roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

State the function of vascular tissue.

A

Xylem transports water

Phloem transports sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is vascular tissue in plants?

A

Stems
Leaves
Roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Function of ground tissue in plants.

A

Makes up bulk of plant mass: parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is ground tissue in plants?

A

Stems
Roots
Leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of meristematic tissue in plants?

A

Cell division to produce new growth

like stem cells in animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is meristematic tissue found in plants?

A

Tips of shoots and roots
In buds
Around stem of woody plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the structure and function of parenchyma.

A 
Thin cell walls
Large vacuoles
Dividing cells so found in meristems
Storage cells in roots, stems and seeds
May be air filled tissue in floating plants
Pith
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the structure and function of collenchyma.

A 
Structural support
Growing shoots and leaves
Living cells
Thickened cell walls to cope with mechanical pressure exerted on them
Beneath epidermis of stems and leaves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure and function of sclerenchyma.

A

Main structural support of a plant
Long, slender cells bundled together
Thick cell walls, the cells are dead
Develop in association with xylem and phloem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why are sclerenchyma commercially useful?

A

Fibres for fabrics
Flax for linen
Hemp for rope and fabric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of xylem?

A

Water transport
Transpiration
Root pressure
Capillary action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

State the structure of xylem.

A

Columns of elongate dead cells with thick woody cell walls

Forms tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of phloem?

A

Transport organic nutrients, mostly sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

State the structure of phloem.

A

Made of cells linked end to end- sieve tubes
Highly specialised
Lost most of their internal structures that might slow fluid movement
Linked via specialised plasmodesmata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are plasmodesmata?

A

Small channels that directly connect the cytoplasm of neighbouring plant cells to each other, establishing living bridges between cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

State the structure and function of meristems.

A

Sites of growth
Undifferentiated parenchymal cells
Generate new cells that can differentiate into new cell types as the developing structure matures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the four basic animal tissues?

A

Epithelium
Connective tissue
Muscle
Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

State the function of epithelium.

A 
Protection (Poh)
Secretion (Sleeps)
Absorption (All)
Dialysis (Day)
Sensation (Stupidly)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

State the function of connective tissue in animals.

A

Support
Linking
Binding
Space filling

22
Q

State the function of muscle in animals.

A

Generate movement and heat

23
Q

State the function of nerves in animals.

A

Communication

24
Q

Where is epithelium found in animals?

A 
Outer coverings
Lining of gut
Respiratory
Urogenital system
Etc
25
Q

Where is connective tissue found in animals?

A

Widespread, as specific tissues and as parts of other structures e.g. bone, tendon, dermis, etc

26
Q

Where is muscle found in animals?

A

Skeletal muscle
Heart
Smooth muscle
Widespread

27
Q

Where are nerves found in animals?

A

CNS
PNS
Widespread

28
Q

What is a tissue?

A

Collection of cells and/ or extracellular materials specialised for a particular function
Mostly grouped in a well-ordered arrangement

29
Q

State three types of muscle

A

Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle

30
Q

How many pints of cells are in the average human body? Hint: less than we usually drink at the taf

A

2

31
Q

State three types of connective tissue.

A

Connective tissue proper
Cartilage
Bone

32
Q

What is an organ? (In the body, not the instrument you weirdos)

A

A distinct, discrete functional unit formed from 2 or more tissues

33
Q

What is an organ system?

A

Organ systems are assemblies of different organs associated with a particular process

34
Q

What is simple epithelia?

A

Epithelia arranged in 1 layer

35
Q

What is stratified epithelia?

A

Epithelia arranged in multiple layers

36
Q

What is squamous epithelia?

A

Where the epithelial cells are wider than the height and look flat and scale-like

37
Q

What is cuboidal epithelia?

A

The cells are cube shaped, duh

38
Q

What is columnar epithelia?

A

The cells are taller than they are wide

39
Q

Are epithelia avascular?

A

yeah boi

40
Q

What does avascular mean?

A

Doesn’t have its own internal blood supply

41
Q

What do epithelia sit on top of?

A

Sits on top of a basement membrane like Dylan sitting on Poh at the first HP social

42
Q

What structures derive from epithelium?

A

Glands

43
Q

What are keratinised eptihelial cells?

A

Cells that have filled themselves with keratin and other waxy molecules
The cells are non-living
Act as a barrier that is continuously replaced so can be worn away
Strong and waterproof

44
Q

What are pseudostratified epithelia cells?

A

Looks stratified but isn’t

All cells connected to basement membrane just at different heights

45
Q

What are transitional epithelium and where would we find them?

A

Lines the bladder and shifts between collapsed and stretched as bladder empties and fills

46
Q

What are some features common to all epithelia?

A

They are entirely cellular
Specialised cell to cell junctions
Polarity (top surface is different from bottom surface)
Connected to a basement membrane

47
Q

What are microvilli?

A

Finger-like projections which increase the surface area of the cell membrane to aid with absorption and secretion

48
Q

What are cilia?

A

Cilia are motile structures, which project from the top of cells

49
Q

What are basal striations?

A

Infoldings of the membrane at the base of the cell which increases surface area for energy dependent processes

50
Q

What are the toughest epithelial cells and why?

A

Stratified squamous keratinised epithelium
Surface cells fill up with keratin
Tough, dead, waterproof covering

The dynamic cell (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions