Cell Structure, Cellular Respiration And Photosynthesis

Question 1

To stay alive, what vital functions must a cell carry out?

Answer 1

• breathe
• nourish itself
• repair itself
• reproduce
• eliminate waste (Carbon dioxide)

Question 2

Organisms with cells that have a nucleus are called?

Answer 2

Eukaryotic

Question 3

Organisms with cells that have no nucleus are called?

Answer 3

Prokaryotic

Question 4

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Answer 4

It surrounds the contents of the cell. It’s structure helps how substances enter and exit the cell. Both animal and plant cells have this.

Question 5

What is the role of cytoplasm?

Answer 5

It is found in between organelles. It has a gelatinous texture and is always in motion.

Question 6

What is the role of a nucleus?

Answer 6

It directs the cell activities. It contains chromosomes – structures made of genes that enable the cell to grow and reproduce.

Question 7

What is the role of a nuclear membrane?

Answer 7

It controls the entry and exit of substances in the nucleus.

Question 8

What are vacuoles?

Answer 8

They are balloon-like spaces in the cytoplasm that store nutrients and other substances that the cell does not use immediately. Also stores waste. Animal cells tend to have a few small vacuoles whereas plant cells tend to have one larger one.

Question 9

What is endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Answer 9

A folded membrane that forms a network of canals. Substances travel down these canals to different parts of the cell, or to leave the cell.

Question 10

What is mitochondria?

Answer 10

It absorbs nutritive elements to produce energy needed for the cell’s activities. Important for cellular respiration.

Question 11

What is a cell wall?

Answer 11

It is thicker, more rigid than a cell membrane. It is made of cellulose and serves as support for the cell. Formed on the exterior of the cell membrane. It is only found in PLANT CELLS.

Question 12

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 12

Photosynthesis takes place in these structures. Contains a green pigment called CHLOROPHYLL that absorbs the energy gel the Sun.

Question 13

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 13

Plants transform the sub’s energy into glucose.

Carbon dioxide+water–> Glucose +oxygen

Question 14

How does water enter a plant?

Answer 14

Through its roots

Question 15

How does carbon dioxide enter a plant?

Answer 15

Through tiny holes in their leaves called “STOMATA”

Question 16

What is photosynthesis also responsible for?

Answer 16

The production of oxygen.

Question 17

What does CHLOROPHYLL do?

Answer 17

It traps light energy from the sun.

Question 18

What is respiration?

Answer 18

Glucose+oxygen–>carbon dioxide+water+energy

Question 19

Which 3 structures are common to all cells?

Answer 19

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.

Question 20

What is an example of a prokaryotic organism?

Answer 20

Bacteria

Question 21

What is an organelle?

Answer 21

A little organ inside a cell

Question 22

What can be transported in theER?

Answer 22

Protein and nutrients

Question 23

Which organelle is the “power house in animal and plant cells?

Answer 23

Mitochondria

Question 24

What substance does the vacuole contain?

Answer 24

Water

Question 25

What type of cell has membrane-closed organelles?

Answer 25

Eukaryotic cells

Question 26

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 26

They construct proteins.

Question 27

What are chromosomes?

Answer 27

They are rod-shaped bodies found in the nucleus. They are made of DNA and protein. They contain all the information to run the cell. They also pass on the heredity traits of the cell to new cells.

Question 28

What are lysosomes?

Answer 28

They are small round structures found in the cytoplasm. They contain digestive enzymes that break down large food particles into sugars and other simple substances.

Question 29

What is every organism made up of?

Answer 29

Cells.