Cell structure- pre made

Question 1

What separates cells from their surrounding environment?

Answer 1

The cell membrane separates cells from their surrounding environment.

Question 2

Name the largest organelle present within animal cells.

Answer 2

The largest organelle within animal cells is the nucleus.

Question 3

Name the structures present in plant cells that are not present in animal cells.

Answer 3

Plant cells have the following structures that are not present in animal cells: Cell wall, Chloroplasts, Permanent vacuole.

Question 4

True or False? Ribosomes are present in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 4

True.

Question 5

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

The cell membrane controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 6

Name three organelles found within animal cells.

Answer 6

Organelles present within animal cells are: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes.

Question 7

What is the smallest organelle present in both plant and animal cells?

Answer 7

Ribosomes are the smallest organelle; they are present in both plant and animal cells.

Question 8

True or False? The gel-like fluid present inside both plant and animal cells is the chloroplast.

Answer 8

False.

The gel-like fluid present in plant and animal cells is the cytoplasm. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells.

Question 9

True or False? The role of the nucleus is to release energy for the cell.

Answer 9

False.

The role of the nucleus is to store genetic information in the form of DNA. Energy is released by the mitochondria.

Question 10

What is the role of cell cytoplasm?

Answer 10

Cytoplasm is the site of chemical reactions inside cells.

Question 11

True or False? Plant cell walls are responsible for controlling the passage of substances in and out of cells.

Answer 11

False.

Plant cell walls provide strength and additional structural support for plant cells. It is the membrane that regulates the passage of substances.

Question 12

True or False? Muscle cells are likely to contain more mitochondria than skin cells.

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

True or False? Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration.

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

True or False? Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

What is the function of chloroplasts within plant cells?

Answer 15

Chloroplasts absorb light energy during the process of photosynthesis.

Question 16

What is the function of the permanent vacuole in plant cells?

Answer 16

The permanent vacuole stores cell sap and provides structural support for plant cells.

Question 17

True or False? Animal cells have mitochondria, ribosomes and a cell wall.

Answer 17

False.

Animal cells contain mitochondria and ribosomes but do not have cell walls. Cell walls are a feature of plant cells.

Question 18

Give three differences between plant and animal cells.

Answer 18

Three differences between plant and animal cells are: Plant cells contain chloroplasts while animal cells do not, Plant cells have a cell wall while animal cells do not, Plant cells have a permanent vacuole while animal cells do not.

Question 19

Describe the permanent vacuole.

Answer 19

The permanent vacuole in plant cells is a membrane-bound structure that stores cell sap and helps maintain cell shape.

Question 20

True or False? Mitochondria are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.

Answer 20

False.

Mitochondria are the site of (aerobic) respiration. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.

Question 21

True or False? Cell membranes provide structural support to plant and animal cells.

Answer 21

False.

The cell membrane does not have a rigid structure so does not provide any structural support. Its role is to control what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 22

Which cellular structure contains the genetic material in both plant and animal cells?

Answer 22

The nucleus contains the genetic material, DNA, in both plant and animal cells.

Question 23

List the structural features that are found in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 23

Structural features present in both plant and animal cells are: Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes.

Question 24

True or False? Plant cells do not contain mitochondria.

Answer 24

False.

Plant cells do contain mitochondria. Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, a process that is essential for both plant and animal cells.

Question 25

What is cell differentiation?

Answer 25

Cell differentiation is the process by which a cell changes to become specialised.

Question 26

True or False? Almost all cells in a multicellular organism contain different genetic information.

Answer 26

False. ## Footnote Almost all cells in a multicellular organism contain the same genetic information.

Question 27

Define the term specialised cell.

Answer 27

Specialised cells are cells that have developed specific characteristics that allow them to perform particular functions.

Question 28

What determines the features of specialised cells?

Answer 28

The features of specialised cells are determined by the expression of genes in the nucleus.

Question 29

How are red blood cells specialised to carry out their function?

Answer 29

Red blood cells have a large surface area to increase diffusion of oxygen and contain haemoglobin which binds to and transports oxygen. They have no nucleus to allow more space for haemoglobin.

Question 30

Give an example of a specialised plant cell.

Answer 30

Examples of specialised plant cells include: Root hair cell, Palisade mesophyll cell, Xylem vessel.

Question 31

True or False? Root hair cells have an increased surface area.

Answer 31

True.

Question 32

Give an example of a specialised animal cell.

Answer 32

Examples of specialised animal cells include: Red blood cells, Nerve cells, Ciliated epithelial cells, Sperm / egg cells, Muscle cells.

Question 33

Define the term stem cell.

Answer 33

A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can differentiate to form other cell types and that can divide an unlimited number of times.

Question 34

True or False? Embryonic stem cells can differentiate to produce most cell types.

Answer 34

True.

Question 35

What are the potential applications of stem cells in medicine?

Answer 35

Stem cells could potentially cure diseases such as diabetes and paralysis, and repair or replace damaged organs.

Question 36

True or False? There is risk from infection or mutation when transferring lab-cultured stem cells into a patient.

Answer 36

True.

Question 37

What is the potential benefit of being able to use a patient's own stem cells in medical treatment?

Answer 37

A potential benefit of being able to use a patient's own stem cells in medical treatment is that stem cells from the same patient would not be rejected by the patient's immune system.

Question 38

True or False? There are ethical issues associated with the use of embryonic stem cells in medicine.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

True or False? Adult stem cells have a limited capacity to differentiate.

Answer 39

True.