Cell Structure, Structure And Function Of Plasma Membrane Flashcards
What is the function of a nucleus?
(LO)
Controls the genetical information of the cell and thus the heredity characteristics of an organism.
Controls protein synthesis + cell division+ cell growth
Storage of DNA, RNA and ribosome.
What is the function of the Mitochondria?
(LO)
Produce energy in the form of ATP.
Mitochondria has their own DNA ( mitochondrial DNA )
What is the function of Ribosomes ?
(LO)
The Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis in the cell. The ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and translates that genetic code into a string of amino acids.
What is the function of the Cytoskeleton?
(LO)
Cytoskeleton = network of fibres that extends throughout the cytoplasm
Provides mechanical support : maintains shape
Involved in cell motility: facilitates changes to cell location and movement of cell parts
What is the function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
(LO)
??
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
(LO)
Proteins received from the ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual destinations ( ie either exported out of the cells or transported where it is needed for storage)
What is the function of the cell membrane?
(LO)
The cell membrane = semi permeable
The cell membrane controls the transport of materials entering and exiting the cells.
Fluid Mosaic Model
Phosphate head = hydrophilic
Two fatty acid thanks = hydrophobic
= lipid bilayer
Proteins + cholesterol ( stabilises bilayer )+ glycoproteins = makes membrane selective
What is passive transport ?
(LO)
Movement of particles through a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration ( with concentration gradient )
Gases - simple diffusion
Polar ions and larger molecules - facilitated diffusion ie protein channels or transporters are needed to facilitate that diffusion.
What is active transport ?
(LO)
Movement of molecules or ions through the cell membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration ( against the concentration gradient)
Use energy in the form of ATP
What is endocytosis?
Process whereby cell absorbs external material.
( type of active transport)
What is exocytosis ?
The secretion of larger molecules by the cell.
( form of active transport)
