Cell Theory: introduction

Question 1

Why do plant cells have chloroplasts?

Answer 1

Answer: Chloroplasts absorb light energy for photosynthesis, which produces glucose and oxygen.

Question 2

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Answer 2

Answer: The ER transports materials like proteins throughout the cell. It also helps produce hormones in the brain and contributes to muscle contraction.

Question 2

What is cytoplasm made of?

Answer 2

Answer: Mostly water, with other substances stored in it. It allows movement of organelles and is where chemical reactions occur.

Question 3

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 3

Answer: The mitochondria generate energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Question 4

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 4

Answer: The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.

Question 5

Explain the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell.

Answer 5

Answers:

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus and include simple organisms like bacteria.

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and contain organelles, making up more complex organisms like plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Question 6

How does the vacuole in a plant cell contribute to the plant’s structure?

Answer 6

Answer: The vacuole stores water and maintains turgor pressure, which keeps the plant’s stem and leaves upright.

Question 7

What is the primary function of the Golgi bodies in a cell?

Answer 7

Answer: The Golgi bodies collect, process, and package materials for removal from the cell. They also produce and secrete mucus.

Question 8

Which statement is NOT part of the cell theory?

a) All living things are made of one or more cells.

b) Cells arise from non-living matter.

c) The cell is the simplest unit that can carry out life processes.

d) All cells come from other cells.

Answer 8

Answer: B) Cells arise from non-living matter.

Question 9

Why do muscle cells contain more mitochondria than fat cells?

Answer 9

Answer: Muscle cells are more active and require more energy, so they have more mitochondria to produce ATP through cellular respiration.

Question 10

What are the three main ideas of the cell theory?

Answer 10

Answer:

1. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the simplest unit that can carry out life processes.
3. All cells come from other cells.

Question 11

Which of the following is found only in plant cells?

a) Mitochondria

b) Golgi bodies

c) Chloroplasts

d) Cytoplasm

Answer 11

Answer: c) Chloroplasts

Question 11

Which structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?

a) Cytoplasm

b) Nucleus

c) Cell membrane

d) Golgi bodies

Answer 11

Answer: c) Cell membrane

Question 12

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP?

a) Nucleus

b) Mitochondria

c) Golgi Bodies

d) Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 12

Answer: b) Mitochondria

Question 12

2. What distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell?

a) Presence of a nucleus

b) Ability to reproduce

c) Lack of organelles

d) Smaller size

Answer 12

Answer: a) Presence of a nucleus

Question 13

What is the purpose of the Cell membrane

Answer 13

A semipermeable membrane that is double-layered for cells, that is used to allow certain substances into the cell, like oxygen and water molecules, and keep out larger molecules, like proteins.

Question 14

What is the primary function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
A) To store genetic material
B) To regulate what enters and exits the cell
C) To provide a medium for chemical reactions and organelle movement
D) To produce proteins

Answer 14

Answer: C) To provide a medium for chemical reactions and organelle movement

Question 15

Which statement best describes the function of the cell membrane?
A) It stores genetic information
B) It allows selective substances to enter and exit the cell
C) It produces energy for the cell
D) It is responsible for cellular respiration

Answer 15

Answer: B) It allows selective substances to enter and exit the cell

Question 16

Which of the following organelles contains genetic information in the form of DNA?
A) Mitochondria
B) Golgi Bodies
C) Nucleus
D) Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 16

Answer: C) Nucleus

Question 17

Why do muscle cells have more mitochondria than fat cells?
A) Muscle cells require more energy due to higher activity levels
B) Mitochondria help store fat
C) Fat cells perform more cellular respiration than muscle cells
D) Mitochondria are only found in muscle cells

Answer 17

Answer: A) Muscle cells require more energy due to higher activity levels

Question 18

What is the primary function of the Golgi bodies?
A) To produce energy for the cell
B) To transport materials within the cell
C) To collect and process materials for removal and produce mucus
D) To protect the cell from physical injury

Answer 18

Answer: C) To collect and process materials for removal and produce mucus

Question 19

Which of the following statements about vacuoles is false?
A) Animal cells have many small vacuoles
B) Plant cells have a single large vacuole
C) Vacuoles help remove unwanted substances
D) Vacuoles are only found in plant cells

Answer 19

Answer: D) Vacuoles are only found in plant cells

Question 20

What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in muscle cells?
A) To store oxygen
B) To contract muscles
C) To help with muscle contraction
D) To absorb light energy

Answer 20

Answer: C) To help with muscle contraction

Question 21

Which of the following organelles is found only in plant cells?
A) Mitochondria
B) Endoplasmic Reticulum
C) Chloroplasts
D) Golgi Bodies

Answer 21

C) Chloroplasts

Question 22

What structure provides support and protection to plant cells and is made of cellulose? A) Cytoplasm B) Cell Membrane C) Cell Wall D) Chloroplasts

Answer 22

Answer: C) Cell Wall

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a function of a vacuole? A) Storing substances B) Producing energy C) Maintaining turgor pressure D) Removing unwanted substances

Answer 23

Answer: B) Producing energy

Question 24

What is the function of mitochondria in the cell?

Answer 24

Answer: Mitochondria convert glucose into usable energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Question 25

What is the main function of chloroplasts, and where are they found in the plant?

Answer 25

Answer: Chloroplasts absorb light energy for photosynthesis, converting water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. They are found in parts of the plant exposed to light, such as leaves.

Question 26

Why is the cell membrane described as semipermeable?

Answer 26

Answer: It allows certain substances, like oxygen and water molecules, to enter while blocking larger molecules, like proteins.

Question 27

How do Golgi bodies contribute to mucus production?

Answer 27

Answer: Golgi bodies collect and process materials, making and secreting mucus. Cells that produce a lot of mucus, like intestinal lining cells, have many Golgi bodies.

Question 28

What happens to a plant cell’s vacuole when the plant does not have enough water?

Answer 28

Answer: The vacuole loses turgor pressure, causing the plant’s stem and leaves to become limp and droopy.

Question 29

How does the endoplasmic reticulum function differently in the brain and muscles?

Answer 29

Answer: In the brain, the ER helps produce and release hormones; in the muscles, it plays a role in muscle contraction.

Question 30

What are the two main purposes of the cell wall in plant cells?

Answer 30

Answer: The cell wall provides structural support and protection from physical injury.

Question 31

What is the main role of the nucleus in a cell?

Answer 31

Answer: The nucleus contains DNA, which provides genetic instructions that guide cell activity.

Question 32

Describe the role of mitochondria in active cells like muscle cells.

Answer 32

Answer: Mitochondria provide energy through cellular respiration. Muscle cells tend to have more mitochondria than other cells like fat cells because they need more energy for movement and activity.

Question 33

What type of organelle do the cells that secrete muscus on the inner lining of the intersines have many of?

Answer 33

The cells that line the inside of the intestines have many **Golgi Bodies** because they produce and secrete mucus.

Question 34

What are all the organelles in animal cells? type all 12 down

Answer 34

1. Cell membrane 2. Nucleolus 3. Chromatin (DNA) 4. Nucleus 5. Ribosome 6. Mitochondrion 7. Lysosome 8. Cytoplasm 9. Centriole 10. Vesicle 11. Golgi Apparatus (Body) 12. Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 35

What hierarchy of structure do animal systems follow?

Answer 35

The hierarchy is made to follow “organelles -> cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> the organism level”.

Question 35

What is tissue made up of?

Answer 35

Tissue is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular but limited function, such as the heart muscle tissue.

Question 36

What is the organ tier?

Answer 36

Organs are a combination of tissues that work together to perform a complex body function, like the heart.

Question 37

What is the Organ system tier?

Answer 37

Organ systems are systems of one or more organs that work together to carry out a major and vital body function, like digestion (digestive system) and transporting resources through the blood (circulatory system).

Question 38

What is he organism level?

Answer 38

A combination of organ systems that carry out all of the core functions required to allow a living organism to avoid extinction, like reproduction, feeding, moving, and breathing.

Question 39

Is each of these levels of hierarchical organization dependent on the one before and after it?

Answer 39

Yes Ex. A deer’s circulatory system delivers nutrients and oxygen through the heart, which pumps blood via arteries and veins. The heart contains muscle tissue for contraction and nerve tissue to regulate its rhythm.

Question 40

What are organ systems?

Answer 40

Made of highly specialized organs and other structures that cooperate to perform the system's overall function. For example, the digestive system is made up of many organs like the liver, pancreas, stomach, and small and large intestines. Additionally the same organs can be used in multiple organ systems, like the pancreas in both the digestive and endocrine organ systems.

Question 41

What is the organelle tier?

Answer 41

The organelle tier is made up of specialized parts of eukaryotic cells that carry out specific functions necessary for life.

Question 42

How do organelles contribute to the organism as a whole?

Answer 42

Each organelle has its purpose and function, and through collaboration with the other organelles, they meet the needs of the cell and organism as a whole.

Question 43

What is the hierarchy of structure in Animals & Plants from least complex to most complex?

Answer 43

Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Organ systems

Question 44

What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?

Answer 44

Plant cells have rigid structures, whereas animal cells can take on many different shapes. Plant cells have large vacuoles, chloroplasts, and cell walls, whereas animal cells do not. Animal cells have lysosomes, whereas plant cells do not.

Question 45

Label parts of the animal cell. https://www.purposegames.com/game/the-animal-cell-quiz

Question 46

Label parts of the Plant cell. https://www.purposegames.com/game/plant-cell-organelles-labeling-interactive-game