cell transport

Question 1

what is diffusion?

Answer 1

the movement of particles down a concentration gradient . they move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 2

what is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 2

diffusion that takes place through carrier proteins or protein channels.

Question 3

what is osmosis?

Answer 3

movement of solvent molecules down a water potential gradient through a partially permeable membrane

Question 4

what is endocytosis?

Answer 4

the movement of large molecules into the cells through vesicle formation, fluid nature of the cell membrane makes it possible to form vesicles.

Question 5

what is exocytosis?

Answer 5

movement of large molecules out of cells through fusion of vesicles to the membrane

Question 7

what is an isotonic solution?

Answer 7

a solution in which the osmotic concentration of the solutes is the same as the cell

Question 8

what is a hypotonic solution?

Answer 8

a solution in which the osmotic concentration of solutes is lower than in the cell contents

Question 9

what is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 9

a solution in which the osmotic concentration of solutes is higher than in the cell contents

Question 10

what happens to the animal cell during osmosis?

Answer 10

when too much water moves in, cell bursts
when too much water moves out, cell shrivels, cytoplasm loses its internal structure

Question 11

what happens to plant cells during osmosis?

Answer 11

cellulose cell wall prevents the cell from bursting.
in hypotonic solutions: water enters by osmosis, cytoplasm swells and presses on the cell wall, generates hydrostatic pressure, plant is in the turgid state

in hypertonic solution: water is moving out of the cell, turgor is lost, cell membrane begins to pull away from the cell wall, protoplasm shrinks, this is called incipient plasmolysis