Cell Transport

Question 1

Define Diffusion

Answer 1

• Process of moving molecules from HIGH to LOW concentration
• Must allow certain things in and out of the cell
• Uses Permeability
• Equilibrium

Question 2

Define Equilibrium

Answer 2

equal concentration on either side

Question 3

Define Permeability

Answer 3

a property that determines whether or not things can pass (semi or selectively)

Question 4

Semi or Selectively Permeability is based on…

Answer 4

size and molecular structure (polarity)

Question 5

Carbohydrates are like….

Answer 5

barcodes

Question 6

Purpose of the Cell Membrane

Answer 6

to filter what enters and exits the cell

Question 7

The Cell Membrane is Made Up Of (5)

Answer 7

• phospholipids
• proteins
• cholesterol
• carbohydtrates
• glycolipids

Question 8

What Types of Substances Easily Move Through (diffuse) the Membrane?

Answer 8

-really small
-no charge
EX: CO2 and Oxygen

Question 9

Characteristics of a HYDROPHILIC HEAD

Answer 9

• like water
• have a charge
• polar

Question 10

Characteristics of HYDROPHOBIC TAIL

Answer 10

• don’t like water
• no charge
• nonpolar

Question 11

Amphipatic is

Answer 11

part hydrophilic, part hydrophobic

Question 12

Selective Permeability is

Answer 12

cells only allow specific things in and out of the membrane

Question 13

The Cell Wall’s Purpose is

Answer 13

• additional selective permeability
• rigidity
• protective
• supportive

Question 14

A Plant’s Cell Wall is Made of

Answer 14

Cellulose

Question 15

Bacteria’s Cell Wall is Made of

Answer 15

Peptidoglycin

Question 16

Fungi Cell Walls are Made of

Answer 16

Chitin

Question 17

HYDROPHILIC

Answer 17

• polar
• absorbs, mixes, dissolves in water
• takes time and is hard to pass through the membrane

Question 18

• polar
• absorbs, mixes, dissolves in water
• takes time and is hard to get through the membrane

Answer 18

hydrophilic

Question 19

Heads or tails? -HYDROPHILIC

Answer 19

phosphorous heads

Question 20

Heads or tails? -HYDROPHOBIC

Answer 20

lipid tails

Question 21

True or false?
Unsaturated fats aid the membrane in moving molecules across it because unsaturated fats are fluid, so it’s easier for materials to move through it

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

Functions of the Cell Membrane (5)

Answer 22

• regulate what enters and exits the cell
• aids in protection and support of the cell
• communicates with other cells
• bring in materials
• remove waste

Question 23

Cells exist in what type of environment?

Answer 23

liquid

Question 24

Solute is

Answer 24

the dissolved material

ex. powder like koolaid

Question 25

Solvent is

Answer 25

the dissolving material | ex. water

Question 26

The more SOLUTE...

Answer 26

the higher the concentration

Question 27

Osmosis is

Answer 27

- water's movement | - diffusion of water

Question 28

Osmotic Pressure is

Answer 28

water moving to balance the concentration (in osmosis)

Question 29

Exocitosis

Answer 29

exiting the cell

Question 30

Endocytosis

Answer 30

entering the cell

Question 31

Turgid

Answer 31

hypotonic | ex: firm plants

Question 32

Flaccid

Answer 32

isotonic | ex: limp plants

Question 33

Plasmolyzed

Answer 33

hypertonic | ex: dead plants

Question 34

Function of Contractile Vacuoles

Answer 34

help pump out access water | ex: paramecium

Question 35

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 35

diffusion with the use of channel proteins | -does not require energy (passive)

Question 36

Facilitated Diffusion only happens when there is a

Answer 36

concentration gradient

Question 37

Facilitated Diffusion moves molecules from

Answer 37

high to low concentration

Question 38

Active transport is

Answer 38

diffusion against the concentration gradient | -requires energy

Question 39

A Protein Pump is

Answer 39

Active Transport

Question 40

Active Transport moves molecules from

Answer 40

low to high concentration

Question 41

A Sodium Potassium is

Answer 41

Active Transport

Question 42

Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion are

Answer 42

Passive Transport

Question 43

The two mechanisms of Bulk Transport are...

Answer 43

- Exocytosis | - Endocytosis

Question 44

Bulk Transport requires

Answer 44

ATP

Question 45

Bulk Transport transports

Answer 45

large molecules with large proteins

Question 46

Prokaryote

Answer 46

cells without a membrane

Question 47

Eukayote

Answer 47

cells with a nucleus and organalles

Question 48

Hypertonic

Answer 48

having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid higher percentage of solute than solvent ex. more powder than water

Question 49

Function of glycolipids

Answer 49

-provide energy | made up of fat and sugar

Question 50

Function of hydrophilic phospholipid heads

Answer 50

to form the outer layer of the membrane's bilayer

Question 51

Function of hydrophobic phospholipid tails

Answer 51

to form the inner layer of the membrane's bilayer

Question 52

Function of integral proteins

Answer 52

transport channels, linkers | stays attached to the membrane (runs through it)

Question 53

Hypotonic

Answer 53

having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid higher percentage of solvent than solute ex: more water than powder

Question 54

Isotonic

Answer 54

having equal osmotic pressure (equal balance of solute and solvent)