Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria. Amino group positive charge enables diffusion thru porins on gram neg. Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase [given in combo with cluvalanic acid] ORAL ADV: rash, nausea, vomitting, diarrhea TX. uncomplicated ear, nose, throat, and resp infections. prophylactic dentistry. Enterococci (Grm +) Listeria monocytogenes (+) escheriachia coli (-) h. influenzae (-) proteus mirabilis (-) salmonella typhi (-)

Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria. Amino group positive charge enables diffusion thru porins on gram neg. Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase [combination form with sulbactam] ADV: rash (macupapular -esp. with mono), nauseam vomitting, diarrhea Enterococci (Grm +) Listeria monocytogenes (+) escheriachia coli (-) h. influenzae (-) proteus mirabilis (-) salmonella typhi (-)

Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance [not excreted thru kidney] ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting. hepatitis TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance (not excreted thru kidney) ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting pseudomembranous enterocolitis. TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance (not excreted thru kidney) ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting. interstitial nephritis, phlebitis. TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting. TOXIC. only used to identify strain of S.Aureus! (MSSA) TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

Cell Wall Inhibitors Flashcards by josee proulx

Penicillin G

Bacteriostatic (cidal in growing cultures) Beta-lactoam antibiotic. selectively interfere with cell wall synthesis of bacteria: targeting penicillin binding protein AND autolysin activity degrading enzymes produced by bacteria

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase

Narrow spectrum natural penicilin. IV

ADV. rash, fever, anaphylaxis. potentiation of anticoagulat effcts of warfarin. Jarisch-herxheimer reaction when trating syphilis.

Streptococcus penumonia *, pyogenes, viridans
Bacillus antracis
Corynebacterum diphteriae
Neisseria gonorrhoes
Neisseria meningitidis
clastridium perfringens
treponema pallidium (syphillis), pertenue (yaws)

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Penicillin V

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase

Narrow spectrum natural penicilin. ORAL

ADV. rash, fever, anaphylaxis. potentiation of anticoagulat effcts of warfarin. Jarisch-herxheimer reaction when trating syphilis.

Streptococcus penumonia \*, pyogenes, viridans
 Bacillus antracis
 Corynebacterum diphteriae
 Neisseria gonorrhoes
 Neisseria meningitidis
 clastridium perfringens
 treponema pallidium (syphillis), pertenue (yaws)

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Amoxicillin

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase [given in combo with cluvalanic acid]

ORAL

ADV: rash, nausea, vomitting, diarrhea

TX. uncomplicated ear, nose, throat, and resp infections. prophylactic dentistry.

Enterococci (Grm +)
Listeria monocytogenes (+)
escheriachia coli (-)
h. influenzae (-)
proteus mirabilis (-)
salmonella typhi (-)

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Ampicillin

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase [combination form with sulbactam]

ADV: rash (macupapular -esp. with mono), nauseam vomitting, diarrhea

** Enterococci (Grm +)**
** Listeria monocytogenes (+)**
escheriachia coli (-)
h. influenzae (-)
proteus mirabilis (-)
salmonella typhi (-)

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Oxacillin

anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance [not excreted thru kidney]

ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting. hepatitis

TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

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Dicloxacillin

anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance (not excreted thru kidney)

ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

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Nafcillin

anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance (not excreted thru kidney)

ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting. interstitial nephritis, phlebitis.

TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

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Methicillin

anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance

ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting. TOXIC. only used to identify strain of S.Aureus! (MSSA)

TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

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Carbenicillin

Indanyl Carbenicillin

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase

TX. anti-pseudomonal. hospital aquired pneumonia due to resistant gram ne. (except klebsiella with inherent penicillinas activity)

ADV. rash, nausea, vomitting, dairrhea

    enterobacter spp (-)
     escherichia coli (-)
     proteus mirabilis (-)
     proteus (indole pos)
     H. in fluenzae (-)
**_    pseudomonas aeruginosa (-)_**

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Piperacillin

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase [combo with tazobactam]

TX. anti-pseudomonal. (most potent), hospital aquired pneumonia due to resistant gram ne. (except klebsiella with inherent penicillinas activity)

ADV. rash, nausea, vomitting, dairrhea

enterobacter spp (-)
escherichia coli (-)
proteus mirabilis (-)
proteus (indole pos)
H. in fluenzae (-)
pseudomonas aeruginosa (-)

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Ticarcillin

Resistance: production of b-lactamase or penicillinase

TX. anti-pseudomonal. (most potent), hospital aquired pneumonia due to resistant gram ne. (except klebsiella with inherent penicillinas activity)

ADV. rash, nausea, vomitting, dairrhea

    enterobacter spp (-)
     escherichia coli (-)
     proteus mirabilis (-)
     proteus (indole pos)
     H. in fluenzae (-)
**_    pseudomonas aeruginosa (-)_**

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Cefazolin

Cephalosporin 1st Generation

penicillin G substitutes. skin and soft tissue infections. surgical prophylaxis (crosses bone in orthopedic surgery).

resistant to staphylococaal penicillinase (covers MSSA).

TX. PEcK. proteus mirabilis, E.Coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae

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Cephalexin

Cephalosporin 1st Generation

penicillin G substitutes. skin and soft tissue infections. surgical prophylaxis (crosses bone in orthopedic surgery).

resistant to staphylococaal penicillinase (covers MSSA).

TX. PEcK. proteus mirabilis, E.Coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae

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Cefuroxime

Cephalosporin 2nd Generation

broader gram neg coverage, more b.lactamase resistance.

TX. community aquired pneumonia (H. influenzae)

ADV.

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Cefotetan

Cephalosporin 2nd Generation

broader gram neg coverage, more b.lactamase resistance.

TX> intrabdominal and pelvic inflammations

ADV. may cause **disulfiram like ** reactions and block Vit K coagualtions factoris

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Cefoxitin

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Cephalosporin 2nd Generation

broader gram neg coverage, more b.lactamase resistance.

TX. intrabdominal and pelvic inflammations

Cefotaxime

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Cephalosporin 3rd Generation

highest CNS penetration, resistant to many B.lactamases,

TX. enterobacteriacea, more active gram - (less against +). Meningitis.

Ceftriaxone

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Cephalosporin 3rd Generation

highest CNS penetration, resistant to many B.lactamases,

TX. enterobacteriacea, more active gram - (less against +). Meningitis.

ADV. may cause cholestatic hepatitis

Ceftazidime

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Cephalosporin 3rd Generation

highest CNS penetration, resistant to many B.lactamases,

TX. enterobacteriacea, more active gram - (less against +). Meningitis.

Cefdinir

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Cephalosporin 3rd Generation

highest CNS penetration, resistant to many B.lactamases,

TX. enterobacteriacea, more active gram - (less against +). Meningitis.

Cefepime

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Cephalosporin 4th generation

IV.

TX. broad spectrum

ADV may produce erythrocyte autoantibodies without significant hemolysis

Ceftaroline

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Cephalosporing 5th Generation

active against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA)

ADV. may cause drug-induced hemolytic anemia

Ceftobiprole

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Cephalosporing 5th Generation

active against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA)

ADV. may cause drug-induced hemolytic anemia

Cloxacillin

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anti-staphylococal penicilin with beta.lactamse resistance

ADV. diarrhea, neausea, vomitting pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

TX. skin and soft tissue infections, systemic infections with beta.lactamse producing bateria

Imipenem

Beta-lactam antibiotic. Carbapenem combo with **cilastatin** which inhibits renal dehydropeptidase I which would otherwise inactivate imipenem. ADV. seizures.

Meropenem

Beta-lactam antibiotic. Carbapenem ADV. seizures

Doripenem

Beta-lactam antibiotic. Carbapenem

Ertapenem

Beta-lactam antibiotic. Carbapenem NOT effective against pseudomonas or acinetobacter

Aztreonam

monobactam. Beta-lactam antibiotic. IM or IV (renal excretion) TX. gram neg rods, patients with penicillin allergies ADV. **disulfiram like**

Clavulanic Acid

beta lactamse suicide inhibitor (no inherent antibacterial activity) coadministered with amoxicillin and ticarcillin

Sulbactam

beta lactamse suicide inhibitor (no inherent antibacterial activity) coadministered with ampicillin

Tazobactam

beta lactamse suicide inhibitor (no inherent antibacterial activity) coadministered with piperacillin

Vancomycin

Binds D-ala-D-ala side chain of pentapeptide inhibitong elongation of bacterial cell wall (not a Lactam) Topical, **slow** IV TX. MRSA, MRSE and enterococci (gram +) ADV. red man syndrome and shock. fever, chills, phlebitis at infusion site, nephrotoxicity, hearing loss.

Daptomycin

binds to baterial cytoplasmic membrane and induces reapid depolarization. bacteriacidal TX\> gram pos (S. Aureus) ADV. hepatotoxic

Bacitracin

inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenyl disphosphate topical, oral

Cell Wall Inhibitors Flashcards

(35 cards)