Cells

Question 1

State 4 parts of animal cells visible under the microscope?

Answer 1

nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane

Question 2

State 4 additional features of eukaryotic cells that are not visible under the microscope

Answer 2

ribosomes
mitochondria
rough endoplasmic reticulum
vesicles

Question 3

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 3

ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis

Question 4

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 4

It’s studded with ribosomes and is involved in producing and transporting proteins

Question 5

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 5

It’s the powerhouse of the cell, produces energy in the form of ATP by carrying out aerobic respiration

Question 6

What is the function of vesicles?

Answer 6

Vesicles are used to transport substances within cells

Question 7

A very metabolically active cell is likely to have lots of which type of organelle?

Answer 7

mitochondria as they produce energy through aerobic respiration

Question 8

What types of cells have rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria?

Answer 8

almost all cells except prokaryotic cells like bacteria

Question 9

State 6 parts of a plant cell visible under a light microscope

Answer 9

nucleus 
cytoplasm
chloroplasts
vacuoles
cell wall
cell membrane

Question 10

State 2 functions of the nucleus

Answer 10

controls the cell

contains genetic material- found in the form of chromosomes

Question 11

State the function of the cytoplasm

Answer 11

It’s where most of the cell’s chemical reactions take place

Question 12

State the function of ribosomes

Answer 12

They are the site of protein synthesis

Question 13

State 3 organelles only found in plant cells

Answer 13

Cellulose cell wall
Permanent vacuole
Chloroplasts

Question 14

What is the function of the cell wall and what is it made of?

Answer 14

provides strength and support, it is made of cellulose

Question 15

What is the function of the permanent vacuole and what does it contain?

Answer 15

It supports the cell and contains cell sap

Question 16

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 16

They are the site of photosynthesis

Question 17

What is the function of the ciliated cells?

Answer 17

The move away dirt and debris up the throat where it can be swallowed

Question 18

How are ciliated cells adapted to their function?

Answer 18

Small cilia that line the surface can waft back and forwards

the cilia are long and thin so lots of them can waft at the same time

Question 19

What is the function of root hair cells?

Answer 19

to take up minerals and water needed by the plant

Question 20

How are root hair cells adapted to their function?

Answer 20

They have lots of mitochondria to provide energy for active transport

They have a long extension to maximize the surface area available for uptake

Question 21

What is the function of xylem vessels?

Answer 21

To transport water from the roots to the shoots and to support the plant

Question 22

How are xylem vessels adapted to their function

Answer 22

Waterproofed and strengthen with a substance called lignin
small diameter so a continuous column of water is maintained
dead cells without organelles so that the flow of water is not interrupted