Characteristics of living things Flashcards by Gaper XXxxX

Q

What are the 8 characteristics of living things?

A

M = movement
R = respiration
S = sensitivity

G = growth
R = reproduction
E = excretion
N = nutrition

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Q

What is movement?

A

an action by an organism causing a change of position or place

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Q

What is respiration?

A

the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy

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Q

What is sensitivity?

A

ability to detect and respond to change in environment

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Q

What is growth?

A

a permanent increase in size

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Q

What is reproduction?

A

the creation of offspring of the same species as the parents

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Q

What is excretion?

A

the removal of waste products of metabolism, toxic materials or substances in excess of environment

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Q

What is nutrition?

A

Taking in of materials for growth, energy and development

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Q

Why are viruses not generally considered as living things?

A

Viruses do not have all of the 8 characteristics of living things

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Q

Define species

A

a group of organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring

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Q

What are the 5 kingdoms?

A

Animals, plants, fungi, protoctista, prokaryotes

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Q

Describe the binomial naming system

A

Genus starts with a capital letter and species is written in small letters

eg: Homo sapiens

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Q

State the features that all cells share

A

Cytoplasm, cell membrane and DNA

Ribosomes and enzymes

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Q

Name five parts of an animal cell

A

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm

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Q

Name 8 parts of a plant cell

A

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell wall

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Q

What are the two groups of animals?

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A

vertebrates and invertebrates

Q

What is the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates?

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A

vertebrates have backbone, invertebrates don’t

Q

What are the 5 groups of vertebrates?

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A

mammals
birds
reptiles
amphibians
fish

Q

What is an arthropod?

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A

An invertebrate with an exoskeleton

Q

What are the four main groups of arthropods?

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A

Myriapods
Insects
Arachnids
Crustaceans

Q

What are the two groups of plants?

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A

Flowering and non flowering

Q

What are the two main groups of flowering plants?

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A

Monocotyledons

Dicotyledons

Q

What are the 4 differences between monocotyledon and dicotyledon?

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A

Monocots contain 1 cotyledon, a branching root system, parallel veins and strap shaped leaves

But Dicotyledons contain 2 cotyledon , tap root system, broad leaves and a network of branching veins

Q

What are dichotomous keys?

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A

resources used to identify organisms by asking a series of contrasting questions

What is the magnification equation?

size of real object = size of drawing -------------------------------------- magnification