Cells Flashcards
(29 cards)
What does an animal cell consist of?
3 parts: nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane
What does a plant cell consist of?
6 parts: Nucleus, vacuole, cell wall, cell membrane, chloroplast and cytoplasm.
What does a nucleus do?
The nucleus controls the chemical reactions in a cell.
What are the Seven Life Processes?
M - movement E - excretion
R - respiration R - respiration
S - sensitivity G - growth
N - nutrition “MRS NERG”
What are organisms?
Organisms are “Living Things”
What are organisms made of?
Organisms are made of tiny building blocks = cells
How can you see cells?
They can be seen through a microscope - but it helps if you stain them first!
What two types of cells are there?
Animal and plant cells
What does a nucleus do
It controls what the cell does.
What’s a Cytoplasm and what does it do?
A cytoplasm is jelly-like stuff where all the chemical reactions happen.
What is a cell membrane and what does it do?
It’s a thin skin around the cell which hold the cell together. It also controls what goes in and out.
Only plant cells have: a cell wall. What is it and what does it do?
A cell wall is a rigid coating made of cellulose. It give great strength to the cell wall. (This is why trees are so hard and strong!)
What is a vacuole?
A vacuole is only found in plant cells. It’s a large space filled with cell sap (a week solution of sugar and salt).
What are chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts can only be found in plant cells. They contain chlorophyll which is used for photosynthesis.
Some cells are adapted (shaped) for a particular function (job). Name some.
Sperm cell, ovum (egg) cell, palisade cell, ciliated cell, root hair cell.
Explain sperm cells
Sperm cells carry genetic information to the egg. They have a tail to move the cell.
Explain a root hair cell
The root hair cell has a long shape which increases the surface area of the root. Because there is more surface area, it is easier for the cell to suck up (absorb) minerals and water. It also has a very thin cell wall which makes absorption even easier!
Explain the ciliated cell.
The ciliated cell is designed to stop lung damage. It has tiny hairs which filter the air. They also help move dirt out of the lungs by moving it to the back of the throat where it is swallowed.
What is a palisade cell?
1) Palisade cells are tall with a large surface area. They can be found at the top of leaves - ideal for good absorption of light, which is needed for photosynthesis.
2) They are packed with chloroplasts which contain the green pigment chlorophyll needed for photosynsesis.
A group of similar cells come together to form….
… a tissue.
A group of different tissues work together to make ….
… an organ.
A group of organs work together to make ….
an organ system or maybe even a whole organism.
Give an example of how cells organise themselves to make an organ.
The root hair cells make up root tissue, which makes up the root ‘organ’ system. This works together with other systems to make up the plant.
There are four main plant organs which allow the Life Processes to take place. Name them.
Stem, flower, leaf, root.
