Cells Flashcards
(23 cards)
Where is DNA found in a prokaryote
In an unbound nucleoid
What are the basic features of all cells
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, ribosomes
what are ribosomes function
To carry out protein synthesis
Do prokaryotes have ribosomes on endoplasmic reticulum
No, only free ribosomes
What is chromatin
Found in nucleus, DNA bound with proteins
What are the components in the endomembrane system
Endoplasmic reticulum(smooth and rough), nuclear envelope, lysosomes, vacuoles, golgi apparatus
Rough ERs function
Make proteins, distributes transport vesicles
Smooth ERs function
Synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, detoxifies of poisons
Function of the golgi body
shipping and receiving center, modifies products from the ER, packs molecules into vesicles
What is the cis face of a golgi body
this is the receiving end
What is the trans face of a golgi body
The shipping side
What are lysosomes
They are digestive compartments full of digestive membranes
What is the process of autophagy
consumption of cells own organelles to be recycled
what are the three types of vacuoles
1) food vacuole
2) contractile vacuole
3) central vacuole
Evidence of symbiotic theory
1) double membrane
2) can replicate independently
3) contain their own DNA and ribosomes
What are the inner folds of mitochondria called
cristae
What are thylakoid stacks called and what holds them together
1) granum
2) stroma
Three types of cytoskeleton
1) microtubules
2) micro filaments
3) intermediate filaments
Role of cytoskeleton
hold cell shape, anchors organelles and interacts with motor proteins
what is the common protein in bacterial cell walls
peptidoglycan
what is the common protein in fungi cell walls
chitin
what is the common protein in plant cell walls
Cellulose
What are the three types of plant wall
1) thin primary wall
2) middle lamella between primary wall and other cells
3) secondary wall in some cells between cell membrane and the primary wall
