Cells

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

Controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Controls cell activities

Question 3

Mitochondria

Answer 3

The site of aerobic respiration

Question 4

Ribosomes

Answer 4

The structures were proteins are made

Question 5

Vacuole

Answer 5

Fluid filled sack Helps to provide support for the cell

Question 6

Cell wall

Answer 6

Gives the cell a definite shape and provides support

Question 7

Chloroplast

Answer 7

Contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis

Question 8

Cytoplasm

Answer 8

Where chemical reactions take place

Question 9

Plasmid

Answer 9

Small circular rings of DNA that can be
replicated and transferred between Bacteria

Question 10

What is diffusion ( passive transport)

Answer 10

The movement of molecules DOWN a concentration gradient from high concentration to low concentration until its equal

Question 11

What is osmosis ( passive transport)

Answer 11

The movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 12

100% water in plant cells

Answer 12

Makes it turgid

Question 13

20% water in plant cells

Answer 13

Makes it plasmalysed

Question 14

100% water in animal cells

Answer 14

Makes it burst

Question 15

20% water in animal cells

Answer 15

Becomes shrivelled

Question 16

Active transport

Answer 16

Protein collects molecule, with energy from ATP the protein moves 180 degrees, molecule released into the cell and protein with more energy moves 180 degrees

Question 17

DNA

Answer 17

Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is the genetic information contained by
chromosomes (thread like structures found in the nucleus of a cell).

Question 18

A and T

Answer 18

Adenine and thymine pair together

Question 19

C and G

Answer 19

Cytosine and guanine pair together

Question 20

MRNA

Answer 20

Messenger RNA is a type of RNA that carries a complementary copy of the genetic
code from the DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Question 21

HPCOW degradation

Answer 21

hydrogen peroxide- catalase = oxygen and water

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions while remaining unchanged

Question 23

Degradation

Answer 23

Reactions will break down a large molecule into 2 or more smaller molecules

Question 24

Synthesis

Answer 24

Reactions will join 2 or more smaller molecules into a larger molecules

Question 25

SAM degradation

Answer 25

Starch-amylase= maltose

Question 26

G1PPS synthesis

Answer 26

Glucose -1- phosphate- phosphorylase = starch

Question 27

Optimum conditions

Answer 27

The condition in which an enzyme is at its most active

Question 28

CTAA breakdown

Answer 28

Casin-trypsin =amino acids

Question 29

What is stage 1 respiration called and where does it take place

Answer 29

Glycolysis and cytoplasm

Question 30

What is stage 2 respiration called and where does it take place

Answer 30

Stage 2 and takes place in mitochondria

Question 31

What happens Stage 1 respiration

Answer 31

Glucose - pyruvate and makes little ATP (2)

Question 32

What happens Stage 2 respiration

Answer 32

Pyruvate - carbon dioxide and water and makes lots of ATP (36)

Question 33

Word equation for respiration

Answer 33

Glucose + oxygen- atp and water and carbon dioxide

Question 34

Fermentation

Answer 34

Glucose - pyruvate makes ADP + P1 and a small number of ATP

Question 35

What happens in animals fermentation

Answer 35

Makes lactate (reversible due to oxygen)

Question 36

What happens in plants and yeast fermentation

Answer 36

Makes carbon dioxide and ethanol (irreversible )

Question 37

Word equation for fermentation in animals

Answer 37

Glucose - lactate + ATP

Question 38

Word equation for fermentation in plants and yeast

Answer 38

Glucose - ethanol + carbon dioxide