cells Flashcards
(13 cards)
Distinguishing features of euk cells
cytoplasm containing membrane bound organelles
DNA enclosed in nucleus
structure of cell surface membrane
Hydrophilic phosphate head attracted to water
hydrophobic fatty acid tail repels water
function of cell surface membrane
selectively permeable enables control of passage of substances in and out cell
molecules/receptors/antigens on surface allowing cell recognition and signalling
Nucleus structure
nuclear envelope which has a double membrane and has nuclear pores
nucleoplasm
histone bound linear DNA
chromatin condensed
chromosome highly condensed
Nucleus function
holds genetic info which code for polypeptides
site of DNA replication
site of transcription
nuclueolus makes ribosomes
structure of ribosome
made of ribosomal RNA and protien
not memebrane bound
and is the site of protein synthesis
RER
● Ribosomes on surface synthesise proteins
● Proteins processed / folded / transported inside rER
● Proteins packaged into vesicles for transport eg. to Golgi apparatus
ser
Synthesises and processes lipids
Golgi
apparatus
flattened memebrane sacks
● Modifies protein, eg. adds carbohydrates to produce glycoproteins
● Modifies lipids, eg. adds carbohydrates to make glycolipids
● Packages proteins / lipids into Golgi vesicles
● Produces lysosomes
Golgi
vesicles
transport protiens and lipids to required destinations
lysosomes
release hydrolytic enzymes
to hydroyslse pathogens and worn out parts of the cell
mitochondria
outer membrane
cristae
matrix
● Site of aerobic respiration
● To produce ATP for energy release
chloroplast
double membrane
stroma containing
thylkoid
cicrular dna
starch granules
