Cells

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Controls the cell, contains genetic material

Question 2

Cytoplasm

Answer 2

Supports cell, site of cells’ chemical reactions.

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

Holds cell together
Controls substances entering and leaving the cell

Question 4

Cell wall

Answer 4

Extra support for cell
Defines shape

Question 5

Chloroplasts

Answer 5

Contains chlorophyll pigments that absorb light for photosynthesis.

Question 6

Vacuole

Answer 6

Filled with cell sap
Keeps the cell’s shape

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

Site of aerobic respiration
Energy released for cell

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Site of protein synthesis

Question 9

Animal cell organelles

Answer 9

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria

Question 10

Plant cell organelles

Answer 10

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole

Question 11

Cells

Answer 11

The functional building blocks of all living things.

Question 12

Organelle

Answer 12

Part of a cell

Question 13

Tissue

Answer 13

A group of specialised cells that have a similar structure and function working together.

Question 14

Organ

Answer 14

Contains different tissues, working together to carry out particular functions.

Question 15

Organ system

Answer 15

Many organs working together. The different organ systems work together in an organism.

Question 16

Bacteria

Answer 16

Single celled organism
Doesn’t have nucleus
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids
Some carry out photosynthesis, most feed on other organisms.

Question 17

Fungi

Answer 17

Single or multicellular
Organelles- Same as plant cell but no chloroplasts
Cell wall made out of chitin
Glycogen store
Can be pathogenic
Eukaryotic
Feed by saprotrophic nutrition

Question 18

Protoctista

Answer 18

Single celled organisms
Similar to animal cells but can have chloroplasts

Question 19

Multicellular kingdoms

Answer 19

Plant, animals, fungi

Question 20

Unicellular kingdoms

Answer 20

bacteria, protoctists, fungi

Question 21

Which kingdom does not contain a nucleus?

Answer 21

Bacteria (prokaryotes)

Question 22

Which kingdoms have a starch carbohydrate store?

Answer 22

Plants, protoctists

Question 23

Which kingdoms have a glycogen carbohydrate store?

Answer 23

Animal, bacteria, fungi, protoctists

Question 24

Cell wall in plant?

Answer 24

Cellulose

Question 25

Cell wall in fungi?

Answer 25

Chitin

Question 26

What are Prokaryotes?

Answer 26

Small, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria.

Question 27

What are Eukaryotes?

Answer 27

Uni or multicellular organisms that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Animals, plants, fungi, protoctists

Question 28

How do plants store carbohydrates?

Answer 28

As starch or sucrose

Question 29

How do animals store carbohydrates?

Answer 29

As glycogen

Question 30

How do fungi store carbohydrates?

Answer 30

As glycogen

Question 31

What do fungi not have?

Answer 31

Chloroplasts

Question 32

Describe viruses.

Answer 32

A strand of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat. They are not cells or alive. They do not have organelles. They are small particles (smaller than bacteria). They can only reproduce within living cells. They are parasitic.

Question 33

How do viruses reproduce?

Answer 33

They enter a host cell.

Question 34

What are pathogens?

Answer 34

Microorganisms which cause infective disease.

Question 35

What can be pathogenic?

Answer 35

All viruses, some bacteria, protoctista and fungi.

Question 36

Which kingdoms feed by saprotrophic nutrition?

Answer 36

Fungi and some bacteria.

Question 37

What is saprotrophic nutrition?

Answer 37

Secreting extracellular digestive enzymes onto the food and then absorbing the digested molecules.

Question 38

Describe the structure of DNA.

Answer 38

Double helix shape. Sugar-Phosphate backbones. Phosphate and a nitrogenous base. ATCG.

Question 39

Examples of fungi

Answer 39

Mucor and yeast

Question 40

Examples of Protoctista

Answer 40

Amoeba, chlorella Plasmodium (pathogenic example that causes malaria)

Question 41

Examples of bacteria

Answer 41

Lactobacillus bulgaricus Pneumococcus (pathogenic, causes pneumonia)

Question 42

Examples of viruses

Answer 42

Tobacco mosaic virus Influenza virus - causes flu HIV virus - causes AIDS