Cells

Question 1

Factors that affect the rate of diffusion…

Answer 1

Temperature 
Molecular weight 
Steepness of concentration gradient 
Membrane surface area
Membrane permeability

Question 2

Osmotic pressure

Answer 2

Exerted by solutes - drawing water into an area of low water.
The force of water movement into the higher concentration solution or the amount of hydrostatic pressure required to stop osmosis.

Question 3

Osmolality

Answer 3

Number of osmoles/kg of H2O

Question 4

Osmolarity

Answer 4

Number of osmoles/L of H2O

Question 5

Isotonic

Water movement?

Any change in cell shape?

Answer 5

Concentration of electrolytes outside the cell is equal to that inside the cell.
No water movement.
No change in cell shape.

Question 6

Hypotonic

Any change in cell shape?

Answer 6

Low concentration of solutes that do not cross the membrane?
High water content.
Dilute.
Cells in this solution to oils absorb water and swell.
If solution is too dilute the cell may burst.

Question 7

Hypertonic

Answer 7

Low water concentration and high concentration of solutes that do not cross the membrane.
Water moves to try and balance water/ion concentration.
Cells in this solution would lose water and shrivel up.