Cells

Question 1

holes that allow molecules into and out of the nucleus

Answer 1

nuclear pore

Question 2

digests old cell parts

Answer 2

lysosomes

Question 3

converts food energy into a form of energy that is more easily used by the cell

Answer 3

mitochondrion

Question 4

stores water and provides support to the cell

Answer 4

vacuole

Question 5

packages and distributes proteins that are made by the cell

Answer 5

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

produces building blocks of ribosomes

Answer 6

nucleolus

Question 7

site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm and on surfaces of rough ER

Answer 7

ribosomes

Question 8

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 8

cell membrane

Question 9

modifies, stores, and ships products of the endoplasmic reticulum. Packages materials into vesicles.

Answer 9

Golgi apparatus

Question 10

Extremely small vacuoles

Answer 10

vesicles

Question 11

Digest cell’s food and waste, breaks down damaged organelles, formed in Golgi, not in plant cells. Takes apart old structures to make room for new ones.

Answer 11

lysosomes

Question 12

Sac-like, used for storage (water, salts, proteins, carbs). One large one in many plant cells, some help cells control amount of water in the cell.

Answer 12

vacuole

Question 13

carry out cellular respiration (i.e. convert chemical food energy into chemical ATP energy–main source of energy for cellular work). Outer and inner membrane

Answer 13

mitochondria

Question 14

a tiny structure that performs a specialized function in the cell

Answer 14

organelle

Question 15

a part of the cytoskeleton that has a primary function of anchoring organelles in place

Answer 15

intermediate filament

Question 16

converts the chemical energy in food into a form that is more easily used

Answer 16

mitochondrion

Question 17

transport channels that are studded with ribosomes

Answer 17

rough ER

Question 18

modifies, collects, packages, and distributes proteins that are produced by the cell

Answer 18

Golgi apparatus

Question 19

proteins that pull on microtubules to produce movement in cilia and flagella

Answer 19

dynein arms

Question 20

saclike storage structure found in both animal and plant cells

Answer 20

vacuole

Question 21

structure that is made by the Golgi apparatus

Answer 21

lysosome

Question 22

a part of the cytoskeleton that is responsible for cytoplasmic streaming

Answer 22

microfilament

Question 23

short threadlike structure that helps a unicellular organism move

Answer 23

cilium

Question 24

traps energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy

Answer 24

chloroplast

Question 25

contains digestive enzymes that help clean up the cell

Answer 25

lysosome

Question 26

framework of filaments and fibers involved with support, the movement of organelles within the cell, and cell division

Answer 26

Cytoskeleton

Question 27

long, thin fiber that functions in the movement and support of the cell

Answer 27

microfilament

Question 28

a complex network of channels that is involved with transport, storage, and modifying proteins

Answer 28

rough ER

Question 29

a complex network of channels that is involved with making lipids for cell and detoxifying substances

Answer 29

smooth ER

Question 30

found only in plant and algae cells, it consists of two envelope-like membranes that surround many disk-like membranes

Answer 30

chloroplast

Question 31

information center of the cell that contains DNA

Answer 31

nucleus

Question 32

organisms that do not have a nucleus. Consists entirely of bacteria

Answer 32

prokaryote

Question 33

have polar, hydrophilic heads and non-polar, hydrophobic tails

Answer 33

phospholipids

Question 34

a structure located in the nucleus that makes ribosomes

Answer 34

nucleolus

Question 35

bundles of chromatin that contain genetic information

Answer 35

chromosomes

Question 36

membranes that surround the nucleus that have pores allowing some molecules through

Answer 36

nuclear envelope

Question 37

the area between the nucleus and the cell membrane

Answer 37

cytoplasm

Question 38

cells that have a nucleus. Found in animals and plants.

Answer 38

eukaryote

Question 39

method by which oxygen enters a cell

Answer 39

diffusion

Question 40

the diffusion of water

Answer 40

osmosis

Question 41

method by which a cell takes in liquids

Answer 41

pinocytosis

Question 42

molecules that form hydrogen bonds with water

Answer 42

hydrophilic

Question 43

moves molecules from a high to a low concentration through protein channels

Answer 43

facilitated diffusion

Question 44

cells expand in this type of solution

Answer 44

hypotonic

Question 45

cells use this to take in large particles (a type of endocytosis)

Answer 45

phagocytosis

Question 46

energy is used in this type of transport. Frequently uses protein pumps.

Answer 46

active transport

Question 47

cells shrink in this type of solution

Answer 47

hypertonic

Question 48

situation where the concentration is the same on both sides of a membrane

Answer 48

equilibrium

Question 49

cells release large particles in this process

Answer 49

exocytosis

Question 50

type of active transport where the cell surrounds and takes in particles

Answer 50

endocytosis

Question 51

converts light energy into chemical energy

Answer 51

chloroplast

Question 52

outer structure made of carbohydrates that supports the cell

Answer 52

cell wall

Question 53

network of channels that transports and modifies proteins

Answer 53

ER

Question 54

a structure located in the nucleus that makes ribosomes

Answer 54

nucleolus

Question 55

packages and distributes proteins that are made by the cell

Answer 55

Golgi apparatus

Question 56

stores macromolecules and water

Answer 56

vacuole

Question 57

membranes that surround the nucleus that have holes allowing some molecules through

Answer 57

nuclear envelope

Question 58

tiny structures that make proteins

Answer 58

ribosomes

Question 59

network of channels that transports and modifies proteins

Answer 59

ER

Question 60

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 60

cell membrane

Question 61

converts food energy into a form of energy that is more easily used by the cell

Answer 61

mitochondrion

Question 62

the holes that allow molecules into and out of the nucleus

Answer 62

nuclear pores

Question 63

converts light energy into chemical energy

Answer 63

chloroplast

Question 64

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 64

cell membrane

Question 65

site of cellular respiration (breaks down chemical energy into smaller, more useful molecules)

Answer 65

mitochondria

Question 66

the holes that allow molecules into and out of the nucleus

Answer 66

nuclear pore

Question 67

network of channels that transports and modifies proteins and other molecules

Answer 67

ER

Question 68

membranes that surround the nucleus

Answer 68

nuclear envelope

Question 69

sorts and packages materials for transport (in vesicles); produce lysosomes

Answer 69

Golgi apparatus

Question 70

creates proteins

Answer 70

ribosomes

Question 71

outer structure made of carbohydrates that supports the cells

Answer 71

cell wall

Question 72

stores water and provides support for the cell

Answer 72

vacuole