Cells Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are unicellular organisms
Living things that only have one cell, for example, yeast, bacteria and protozoans.
What are multicellular organisms
Living things that have more than one cell that works together to perform different functions, for example, humans, animals and plants.
What is metabolism
Includes chemical reactions that convert energy from food to energy for life processes, like moving, repairing and growing. Cells take in essential materials such as oxygen and glucose, a food source for cells. Cells get rid of waste such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid, a waste product from when a cell breaks down food with little oxygen. Many substances like water flow in and out of the cell.
What are cells
The building blocks of all living things, the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, for example, a red blood cell.
What is tissue
A group of similar cells from the same origin that together carry out a specific function, for example, cardiac muscle.
What are organs
A group of tissues in a living thing that have been adapted to form a specific function, for example the heart, the lungs and the brain.
What are organ systems
A group of organs that work together to form one or more function, for example the circulatory system pumps blood around the body and makes sure the blood going towards the cells in the arteries is carrying oxygen.
Order organ system, tissue, organs and cells from most sophisticated to least sophisticated
Cells, tissues, organs and organ systems
Why do multicellular organisms need organ systems
To carry out different functions such as communication between cells, supplying cells with nutrients and controlling ing changes in the environment.
What do red blood cells do
Carry oxygen - large surface area for oxygen to pass through, contains haemoglobin for oxygen to join to
What do nerve cells do
Carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body - long connections at each end which can carry electrical signals
What do female reproductive cells do
Join with male cells and provide nutrients for new forming cells - large, contains lots of cytoplasm
What do male reproductive cells do
To reach and join with female cell, long tail for swimming and head to penetrate egg.
What do root cells do in plants
Absorb water and minerals - large surface area
What do leaf cells do in plants
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis - large surface area, lots of chloroplasts
