Cells Flashcards
(23 cards)
Eukaryotic cells
Complex. Animal and plant cells
Prokaryotic cells
Simple and small. Bacteria
Animal cell
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes
Plant cells contains….
Cell wall Chloroplasts Vacuole Nucleus Ribosomes Cell membrane Mitochondria
What does plant cells have that animal doesn’t
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Vacuole
Nucleus function
Contains DNA. DNA controls what cell does. Stored in chromosomes
Cytoplasm function
Most chemical reactions happen
Cell membrane function
Holds cell together. Controls what goes in and out
Mitochondria function
Where most respiration happens. Respiration releases energy for cell
Ribosomes function
Join amino acids together to make protein
Cell wall function
Made of cellulose. Supports and strengthens cell.
Chloroplasts function
Where photosynthesis happens. Photosynthesis makes food for plant
Vacuole function
Stores cell sap (solution of sugar and salts)
Bacterial cells don’t…
Have a nucleus
Bacterial cells
Chromosomal DNA Ribosomes Cell membrane Plasmid DNA Flagellum
Chromosomal DNA function
One long circular strand or DNA. Controls what the cell does
Plasmid DNA function
Small hoops of DNA
Flagellum function
Long hair like structure that helps cell move
Egg cell function
Carry female DNA to feed developing embryo
Sperm cell function
Carry male DNA to egg
Egg cell steps of fertility
Has nutrients in cytoplasm to feed embryo.
After fertilisation the cell membrane changes structure. Stops more sperm getting in so one sperm fertilises egg.
Has haploid nucleus
Haploid
Cell only has half number of chromosomes found in normal body cell.
Sperm cell
Has tail so can swim to egg
Lots of mitochondria which releases energy to sperm needs to swim
Has acrosome- stores enzymes that digest through membranes of egg cell
Has haploid nucleus
