cells and organelles (week 2)

Question 1

What is aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 1

A process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Question 2

What is the primary energy currency produced in aerobic respiration?

Answer 2

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Question 3

True or False: Aerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

What are the three main stages of aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 4

Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Glycolysis occurs in the ______ of the cell.

Answer 5

cytoplasm.

Question 6

What molecule is the end product of glycolysis?

Answer 6

Pyruvate.

Question 7

What is the Krebs cycle also known as?

Answer 7

The citric acid cycle.

Question 8

During aerobic respiration, what gas is produced as a waste product?

Answer 8

Carbon dioxide.

Question 9

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Answer 9

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 10

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT produced during aerobic respiration? A) ATP B) Carbon Dioxide C) Lactic Acid

Answer 10

C) Lactic Acid.

Question 11

What is the total ATP yield from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

Approximately 36 to 38 ATP.

Question 12

True or False: The electron transport chain occurs in the mitochondria.

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

What is the initial substrate for glycolysis?

Answer 13

Glucose.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The Krebs cycle takes place in the ______ of the mitochondria.

Answer 14

matrix.

Question 15

What high-energy electron carriers are produced during the Krebs cycle?

Answer 15

NADH and FADH2.

Question 16

What is the primary purpose of the electron transport chain?

Answer 16

To generate a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.

Question 17

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a product of the Krebs cycle? A) Oxygen B) Glucose C) NADH

Answer 17

C) NADH.

Question 18

True or False: The byproducts of aerobic respiration include water.

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

Which enzyme is responsible for ATP synthesis in the electron transport chain?

Answer 19

ATP synthase.

Question 20

What happens to pyruvate if oxygen is not present?

Answer 20

It undergoes fermentation.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose to pyruvate is called ______.

Answer 21

glycolysis.

Question 22

What type of phosphorylation occurs during the electron transport chain?

Answer 22

Oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 23

Multiple choice: Which molecule is NOT a reactant in aerobic respiration? A) Glucose B) Oxygen C) Carbon Dioxide

Answer 23

C) Carbon Dioxide.

Question 24

True or False: Aerobic respiration can occur in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

What is the role of coenzymes like NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Answer 25

They accept electrons during metabolic reactions.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The end products of aerobic respiration are ______ and water.

Answer 26

carbon dioxide.

Question 27

What is the significance of the proton gradient established in the electron transport chain?

Answer 27

It drives ATP synthesis.

Question 28

Multiple choice: Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP? A) Glycolysis B) Krebs cycle C) Electron transport chain

Answer 28

C) Electron transport chain.

Question 29

What is the function of oxygen in the electron transport chain?

Answer 29

To accept electrons and form water.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The Krebs cycle begins with the combination of acetyl-CoA and ______.

Answer 30

oxaloacetate.

Question 31

True or False: Aerobic respiration is less efficient than anaerobic respiration.

Answer 31

False.

Question 32

What type of organisms primarily rely on aerobic respiration?

Answer 32

Most plants and animals.

Question 33

What is produced during the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide and NADH.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The main purpose of cellular respiration is to convert biochemical energy from ______ into ATP.

Answer 34

nutrients.

Question 35

What is the role of FADH2 in aerobic respiration?

Answer 35

It donates electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 36

True or False: The total number of ATP produced can vary based on the cell type and conditions.

Answer 36

True.