Cells And Organisation Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the role of the nucleus?
It contains DNA to control the functions of the cell
What is the role of the cell membrane?
To control what is allowed in and out of the cell
What is the role of the vacuole?
Storage and stability
What is the role of the cell wall?
Strength and stability
What is the role of the mitochondria?
Aerobic respiration in the cell, and to release energy
What is the role of the chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis- chlorophyll in the chloroplasts absorb light energy
What is the role of the cytoplasm?
Holding components of the cell, and being where chemical reactions occur
What is the role of the ribosomes?
Protein synthesis (making new proteins for hormones and enzymes)
Name three organelles not present in an animal cell, but are in a plant cell
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell wall
Is the cell membrane or cell wall present in an animal cell?
Cell membrane
Why don’t animal cells have a permanent vacuole?
Because they don’t need the extra support, and store glucose elsewhere
Name 3 adaptations of a red blood cell
Bi concave shape (large surface area)
No nucleus (large surface area)
Contains haemoglobin (binds to oxygen)
Name 2 adaptations of the sperm cell
Lots of mitochondria (for energy)
Long flagellum (to swim fast)
Name 3 adaptations of a root hair cell
No chloroplasts (underground)
Elongated cell membrane (large surface area)
Thin (faster water intake)
Define diffusion
The NET MOVEMENT of PARTICLES from a HIGH concentration TO a LOW concentration.
Name 4 factors affecting diffusion
Temperature
Surface area
Diffusion distance
Concentration gradient
How does temperature affect diffusion?
More thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy at a higher temperature
How does surface area affect diffusion?
By providing more area for molecules to move across the cell membrane
How does diffusion distance affect diffusion?
The shorter the distance that particles have to travel is, the quicker they get there
How does concentration gradient affect diffusion?
The more difference there is in concentration, the faster the rate of diffusion is
Name 3 adaptations of the alveoli
1 cell thick
Large surface area
Moist walls
Define osmosis
The MOVEMENT of WATER from a DILUTE solution to a CONCENTRATED solution through a PARTIALLY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE
In the osmosis required practical (potato), how do you measure the percentage change in mass?
(Change in mass ÷ starting mass) x 100
How do you find the concentration of the potato cells in the osmosis RP?
Find where the y axis hits 0, and read across
