Cells(topic 3) Flashcards
Function of nucleus
Controls the cell’s activity Dna contains instructions to make proteins
Functions of lysosomes
Contains digestive enzymes
Function or ribosome
The site where proteins are made
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulemn
Folds and processes proteins that have been made in the ribosomes
What is the function of the smooth endoplamsic reticulum
Synthesis and processes lipids
What is the function of a Golgi apparatus
Processes and packages new lipids and proteins also makes lysosomes
What is the function of mitochondria
Site of aerobic respiration where atp is produced very active and require a lot of energy
What is the function of centrioles
Involved with the separation of chromosomes during cell division
What is the structure of a nucleus
Lathe organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope which is a double membrane it contains chromatin made from DNa and proteins and a structure called a nucleolus
How do rough endoplamic reticulum’s structure differ to smooth endoplasmic reticulemn
Rough is membrane enclosing fluid filled space covered in ribosomes
Smooth similar to rough but no ribosomes
3 structural features of a prokaryotic cell which differ from a eukaryotic cell
no membrane bound organelles
no nucleus dna floats free in cytoplasm
flagellum
what are pilli
short hair like structures that transfer genetic material between cells
what is a plasmid
small loops of dna
what are the stages of mitosis in cell division
interphase=DNA is unraveled and doubles
prophases=chromosomes condense and get shorter and fatter
metaphase=chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell
anaphase=spindle fibers pull the chromatids to opposite poles
telophase=chromatids reach the opposite poles and uncoil and become long and thin they are now chromosomes again and a nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes so now there are two nuclei
cytokinesis=cytoplasm divides produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells
explain the difference between mitosis and meiosis
mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells whereas meiosis produces genetically different
daughter cells made by mitosis are diploid whereas daughter cells made by meiosis are haploid
