Cells Vocab Flashcards
To increase comprehension of subject by increasing understanding of scientific vocabulary (30 cards)
one or more sugar molecules
carbohydrates
living things are made of one or more cells; the cell is the
smallest unit of life; new cells come from preexisting cells
cell theory
large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water; fat
lipid
substance that forms by joining many small molecules
macromolecule
macromolecule that forms when a long chain of nucleotides join together
nucleic acid
long chain of amino acid molecules
protein
protects the inside of a cell from the environment
cell membrane
stiff structure outside the cell membrane
cell wall
membrane-bound organelle that uses light energy and
makes food
chloroplast
fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules
cytoplasm
purpose for which something is used; “job”
function
directs all cell activities and contains DNA
nucleus
membrane-bound cell structure with a specialized function
organelle
movement of substances through a cell membrane
using the cell’s energy
active transport
movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
diffusion
process during which a cell takes in a substance by
surrounding it with the cell membrane
endocytosis
process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents
outside the cell
exocytosis
when molecules pass through a cell membrane using
transport proteins
facilitated diffusion
diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane
osmosis
movement of substances through a cell membrane
without using energy
passive transport
series of chemical reactions that convert energy in
food molecules into ATP
cellular respiration
series of reactions that convert light energy, water, and
CO2 into glucose and give off oxygen
photosynthesis
cell with membrane bound structures
eukaryotic
division of a cell’s nucleus and contents
mitosis
