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Flashcards in Rocks Deck (24)
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1
Q

sediment or rock added to a landform

A

deposit

2
Q

fragment that makes up a rock

A

grain

3
Q

molten rock that erupts on Earth’s surface

A

lava

4
Q

molten or liquid rock underground

A

magma

5
Q

naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms

A

mineral

6
Q

natural, solid mixture of minerals or particles

A

rock

7
Q

series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock

A

rock cycle

8
Q

rock material that is broken down into smaller pieces or dissolved in water as rocks erode

A

sediment

9
Q

grain size and the way grains fit together in a rock

A

texture

10
Q

igneous rock that cools and crystallizes on Earth’s surface

A

extrusive rock

11
Q

igneous rock that forms as magma cools underground

A

intrusive rock

12
Q

rock that forms when lava cools too quickly to form crystals

A

volcanic glass

13
Q

crystallization of minerals from water into the spaces between sediment grains

A

cementation

14
Q

process that squeezes out fluids and decreases the space

between the grains in a sediment deposit

A

compaction

15
Q

occurs when magma comes in contact with existing rock and its thermal energy and gases interact with the
surrounding rock to make new metamorphic rock

A

contact metamorphism

16
Q

to appear visible

A

expose

17
Q

process that affects structure or composition of rocks

in the solid state; occurs due to changes in heat, pressure, or the addition of chemical fluids

A

metamorphism

18
Q

contains parallel layers of flat and elongated

minerals

A

foliated rock

19
Q

has mineral grains with a random interlocking texture

A

non-foliated rock

20
Q

permanent change in rock shape caused by bending and folding

A

plastic deformation

21
Q

fragments compacted to make layers in this type of rock

A

sedimentary rock

22
Q

rock made by extreme temperature and pressure

A

metamorphic rock

23
Q

made up of molten rock

A

igneous rock

24
Q

weathering of rocks; breaking down into smaller parts

A

erosion