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Biochemistry > Cellular and Sub cellular Components > Flashcards

Cellular and Sub cellular Components Flashcards

1
Q

Color of top that has NO FIBRINOGEN

What does it chelate in the blood?

A

EDTA (Violet/lavander top)

Chelates Calcium

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2
Q

A non additive top that forms clot

What cellular component does it produce?

A

Red top

SERUM

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3
Q

What kind of sample has Heparin?

A

Capillary sample

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4
Q

What are the therapeutic blood components?

IN ORDER

A 
Whole blood
Packed RBC
Fresh Frozen Plasma
PH concentrate
Cryoprecipitate
Cryosupernate
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5
Q

What can we get in whole blood?

A

Plasma
WBC
RBC
Platelets

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6
Q

What blood components are reduced in Anemic patients? *what can be the cause?

A

Hemoglobin (Hgb)
Hematocrit? (Hct)
*Active bleeding

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7
Q

In fresh frozen plasma, what is the factor that can cause active bleeding?

A

REDUCED Factor VIII

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8
Q

It is the only blood component stored at room temperature? *What is the shelf life?

A

PH concentrate

*shorter shelf life

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9
Q

ORDER OF DRAW and what does each top contain?

A

YELLOW - Sodium Polyatenol Sulfonate (SPS)
BLUE - Na (sodium) Citrate
RED - non additive
GREEN - Heparin
Purple - EDTA
Gray - NaFl (sodium flouride) enoulase?

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10
Q

Top used for blood culture

A

YELLOW

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11
Q

Top used for coagulation studies

A

BLUE

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12
Q

RED top is used for what tests?

A

Blood chem and serological testing

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13
Q

GREEN top is used for what tests?

A

Blood gas analysis and Acute Myocadial Infartion (Troponin test)

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14
Q

Top used for sugar level

A

GRAY

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15
Q

In CBC, what Leukocytes are HIGHER in bacterial infection?

A

Neutrophils and Monocytes

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16
Q

In CBC, what Leukocytes are HIGHER in allergic reaction and PARASITIC INFECTION?

A

Eosinophil

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17
Q

HIGHER count of Basophil in CBC, indicates?

A

Allergic reaction

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18
Q

LOWER count of ________ in CBC, indicates VIRAL INFECTION

A

Lymphocytes

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19
Q

In CBC, what Leukocytes are HIGHER in ACTIVE TB or bacterial infection?

A

Monocytes

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20
Q

CBC range of Hemoglobin

A

120 g/L to 145 g/L

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21
Q

CBC range of Hematocrit

A

35 (L/L?) to 48 (L/L)

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22
Q

CBC range of RBC

A

5-10k per liter

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23
Q

Differential count of WBC. HIGHEST TO LOWEST.

A 
NLMEB (Never Let Monkey Eat Banana)
Neutrophil
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophil
Basophil
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24
Q

Platelet ranges in CBC

A

150-450x10^3 /L

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25
Q

Isolation of organelles in their relatively pure form and analysis of macromolecules

A

Sub cellular Fractionation

26
Q

3 general procedures of sub cellular fractionation

A

Extraction
Homogenization
Centrifugation

27
Q

Process of isolating organelles using 0.025M *_____ solution.

A

Extraction

*Sucrose

28
Q

In extraction, Temperature must be?

A

LESS THAN 4 degrees celcius

29
Q

Why sucrose solution or NSS solution is used in extraction?

A

It does not cross the cell membrane and does not cause the organelles to swell

30
Q

process where cells are opened in an isotonic buffer

A

Homogenization

31
Q

Homogenization is achieved by?

A

Sonication
Detergent
French press
Mechanical homogenization

32
Q

High frequency soundwaves

A

Sonication

33
Q

used for lysis

A

Detergent

34
Q

for high pressure

A

French press

35
Q

Blender

A

Mechanical homogenization

36
Q

procedure that is repeated and progressively higher speeds will fractionate

A

Centrifugation

37
Q

What are the fractions we can get in Sub cellular Fractionation? *INDICATE TIME

A

Nuclear - 10 mins
Mitochondiral - 20 mins
Microsomal - 40 - 60 mins

38
Q

Fraction that has nucleic acids, DNA, and RNA

A

Nuclear fraction

39
Q

Mitochonrial fraction has?

A

Mitochondria (predominantly carbs)

Lysosomes and golgi bodies (can be isolated)

40
Q

Microsomal fraction has?

A

Microsomes, ribosomes, cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum

41
Q

Different tests in qualitative analysis and what can they identify?

A 
Biuret test - proteins
Sudan IV - lipids
Molisch test - carbohydrates
Dische test - DNA
Orcinol test - RNA
42
Q

What is the reaction medium in Biuret test?

A

NaOH

43
Q

What is the oxidizing agent in Biuret test?

A

CuSO4

44
Q

Positive color for Biuret

A

Violet or purple

45
Q

uses hydrophobic dye for _____ and what is the positive color?

A

Sudan IV for Lipids. Orange to red

46
Q

What is the ability of Sudan IV?

A

Absorb colors in fats

47
Q

test for carbs.

What can be seen in RAPID and SLOW?

A

Molisch
Rapid: Monosaccharides
Slow: Disaccharides and Polysaccharides

48
Q

what reagents are combined for Molish?

A

Alpha-napthol in alcohol + concentrated H2SO4

49
Q

test for 2-deoxypentose*

What color of formation?

A

Dische. BLUE.

*DNA

50
Q

test for pentose*

What color?

A

Orcinol/Bial’s
*5 carbon sugar
BLUE-GREEN

51
Q

nucleic acid in nuclear fraction

A

+++

52
Q

Protein in nuclear fraction

A

+

53
Q

Lipids in nuclear fraction

A

+

54
Q

Carbs in nuclear fraction

A

+

55
Q

nucleic acid in mitochondrial fraction

A

++

56
Q

Protein in mitochondrial fraction

A

++

57
Q

Lipids in mitochondrial fraction

A

++

58
Q

Carbs in mitochondrial fraction

A

+++

59
Q

nucleic acid in microsomal fraction

A

+

60
Q

Protein in microsomal fraction

A

+++

61
Q

Lipids in microsomal fraction

A

+++

62
Q

Carbs in microsomal fraction

A

++

Biochemistry (3 decks)

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