Cellular Differentiation Flashcards
What do somatic cells divide to form
Divide to form two identical diploid cells
What do germline cells divide to form
2 identical diploid cells or 4 haploid gametes
What process do somatic cells undergo
Mitosis
What processes do germline cells undergo
Mitosis and meiosis
The nucleus of a germline stem cell divides twice during meiosis. Describe what happens to chromosomes during the first division
Homologous chromosomes are separated
- The nucleus of a germline stem cell divides twice during meiosis. Describe what happens to chromosomes during the second division
Chromotids are separated
- Describe the process of cellular differentiation.
Genes are switched on or off to produce specific proteins
- Explain why cells become differentiated.
To carry out specific functions
What is the purpose of therapeutic use of stem cells
Therapeutic is the repair of damaged tissue
What is the purpose of stem cell research
Uses stem set,ls for drug testing
Name an example of a therapeutic use of stem cells.
Skin grafts
State how stem cells could be used in medical research.
Tissue cells are cultured/ grown in A lab
What are stem cells
Unspecialised cells that can differentiate into any cell type
State the location of tissue stem cells which develop into blood cells
Bone marrow
What is meant by the term “differentiation”
Specific genes are switched on or off
Give one reason embryonic stem cells are more useful than tissue stem cells
Embryonic can become any cell tule while tissue can only become some cell types
Give one example of a human disease for which there is potential therapeutic use of adult stem cells in its treatment and describe the potential use of these stem cells
Example of disease
Description
Cardiac disease
Directed to differentiated into specific cell types to replace diseased tissue
