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BIO150 > Cellular respiration > Flashcards

Cellular respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

aerobic harvest food of energy

A

cellular respiration

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2
Q

cellular respiration is an _____ process

A

aerobic

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3
Q

what are the 2 gases exchanged during respiration

A

oxygen & carbon dioxide

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4
Q

exchange of carbon dioxide produced during cellular respiration for atmospheric oxygen

A

breathing

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5
Q

using oxygen to help harvest energy from glucose and produces carbon dioxide in the process

A

cellular respiration

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6
Q

what is C6H12O6

A

glucose

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7
Q

organic molecules are broken down to harvest chemical energy which is stored in the bonds of ATP

A

cellular respiration

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8
Q

a substance that loses electron is considered as

A

oxidation

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9
Q

a substance that gains hydrogen atom is considered as

A

reduction

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10
Q

a substance that loses hydrogen atom is considered as

A

oxidation

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11
Q

a substance that gains electron is considered as

A

reduction

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12
Q

the fuel that is being oxidized in cellular respiration

A

glucose

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13
Q

substance that is being reduced in cellular respiration

A

oxygen

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14
Q

glucose will undergo oxidation and ____ electron and hydrogen

A

lose

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15
Q

substance that will gain hydrogen atom

A

oxygen

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16
Q

products of cellular respiration

A

carbon dioxide, water, energy

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17
Q

state the product of this process:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ->

A

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

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18
Q

name 2 electron carriers involved in cellular respiration

A

NAD+ , FAD+

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19
Q

electron carriers will be ____ in cellular respiration

A

reduced

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20
Q

NAD+ will be reduced to _____

A

NADH

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21
Q

FAD+ will be reduced to _____

A

FADH2

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22
Q

glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a _____

A

series of steps

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23
Q

what is meant by the series of steps in cellular respiration

A

transferring electrons

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24
Q

electrons from organic compound are not _______ to oxygen

A

transferred directly

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25
electrons are passed to ______ instead of passed directly to oxygen
electron carriers
26
can NADH be transformed into its original form?
yes
27
how can NADH be transformed to NAD+ back again?
through oxidation
28
how to ensure that the electrons can be passed to oxygen through NADH
NADH must pass the electrons so that it can be deoxidized to NAD+
29
can NADH function as a carrier again?
yes
30
name the process that passes electrons in a series of steps instead of one explosive reaction
the electron transport chain
31
explain the significance of electron transport chain
there will be a controlled release of energy. | no energy wasted
32
why cant we opt for the one explosive reaction?
it will release a lot of heat energy that cant be used
33
state the equation for reduction of NAD+
NAD+ --> NADH + H+
34
state the equation for reduction of FAD
FAD --> FADH2
35
______ represent the stored energy that can be tapped to make ATP when electron complete their fall down an energy gradient
electron carriers
36
state the name of ATP
adenosine triphosphate
37
a substance that stores and transport energy within cells
ATP
38
ATP is also known as the _____
universal energy carrier
39
ATP is a nucleotide with _____ bonds
unstable phosphate
40
what is being hydrolyzed for energy in ATP
the unstable phosphate bond
41
coupling of exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions is a process that is done by ____ to _____
by ATP to power cellular work
42
what is released when an ATP is hydrolyzed?
energy
43
3 substance that combine together to make ATP | hint: prn
phosphate group, ribose, nitrogenous base(adenine)
44
name a substance that has 5-carbon sugar
ribose
45
breaking the high energy bonds between the last 2 phosphate in ATP is a _____ process
hydrolysis
46
how do we get the energy from ATP?
by breaking the high energy bonds between the last 2 phosphate group in ATP
47
is the hydrolysis of ATP an exergonic/endergonic reaction?
exergonic
48
7.6 kcal of energy
energy released when a mole of ATP is hydrolyzed
49
name 3 mechanisms to generate ATP | hint : sop
substrate-level phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation photophosphorylation
50
name the process that transfers a high-energy phosphate group from a substrate directly to ADP
substrate-level phosphorylation
51
what is meant by oxidative phosphorylation?
harvest of energy from food
52
name the process where food is oxidized and the energy is extracted by an electron transport chain
oxidative phosphorylation
53
chemiosmosis
a process to make ATP
54
name the process of harvesting energy from sunlight
photophosphorylation
55
a process where the light energy is used to generate electron
photophosphorylation
56
movement, anabolic process, secretion, active transport is the significance of _____
ATP
57
ATP --> ADP + P | is this an exergonic or endergonic reaction
exergonic
58
will the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + P release energy?
yes
59
ADP + P --> ATP | is this an exergonic or endergonic reaction
endergonic
60
does the synthesis of ATP from ADP needs energy?
yes
61
what is the enzyme involved in the synthesis of ATP
ATP synthase
62
what is the enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of ATP
AT Phase
63
_____ is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose
cellular respiration
64
is cellular respiration anabolic or catabolic? explain the reason.
catabolic. because larger glucose breaks into smaller molecules.
65
state 3 stages of cellular respiration | hint: gko
glycolysis kreb's cycle oxidative phosphorylation
66
a process that breaks down into 2 molecules of pyruvate
glycolysis
67
a process that completes the break down of glucose
kreb cycle
68
the other name for kreb cycle
citric acid cycle
69
a process that accounts for most of the ATP synthesis
oxidative phosphorylation
70
where does the glycolysis occurs?
cytoplasm
71
where does the kreb cycle occurs?
mitochondria
72
where does the oxidative phosphorylation occurs?
mitochondria

BIO150 (14 decks)

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