Cellular Structure and Function

Question 1

1. The organelle involved in packaging and trafficking of cellular products is the:
   a. Nucleus
   b. Golgi apparatus
   c. Mitochondria
   d. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

b. Golgi apparatus

Question 2

2. The glycocalyx is composed of membrane:
   a. Phospholipids and cholesterol
   b. Glycoproteins and glycolipids
   c. Transmembrane and cytoskeletal proteins
   d. Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

b. Glycoproteins and glycolipids

Question 3

3. The “control center” of the cell is the:
   a. Nucleus
   b. Cytoplasm
   c. Membrane
   d. Microtubular system

Answer 3

a. Nucleus

Question 4

4. The nucleus is composed largely of:
   a. RNA
   b. DNA
   c. Ribosomes
   d. Glycoproteins

Answer 4

b. DNA

Question 5

5. Protein synthesis occurs in the:
   a. Nucleus
   b. Mitochondria
   c. Ribosomes
   d. Golgi apparatus

Answer 5

c. Ribosomes

Question 6

6. The shape of a cell is maintained by which of the following?
   a. Microtubules
   b. Spindle fibers
   c. Ribosomes
   d. Centrioles

Answer 6

a. Microtubules

Question 7

7. Functions of the cell membrane include all of the following except:
   a. Regulation of molecules entering or leaving the cell
   b. Receptor recognition of extracellular signals
   c. Maintenance of electrochemical gradients
   d. Lipid production and oxidation

Answer 7

d. Lipid production and oxidation

Question 8

8. The energy source for cells is the:
   a. Golgi apparatus
   b. Endoplasmic reticulum
   c. Nucleolus
   d. Mitochondrion

Answer 8

d. Mitochondrion

Question 9

9. Ribosomes are synthesized by the:
   a. Endoplasmic reticulum
   b. Mitochondrion
   c. Nucleolus
   d. Golgi apparatus

Answer 9

c. Nucleolus

Question 10

10. Euchromatin functions as the:
    a. Site of microtubule production
    b. Transcriptionally active DNA
    c. Support structure for nucleoli
    d. Attachment site for centrioles

Answer 10

b. Transcriptionally active DNA

Question 11

11. The cell cycle is regulated by:
    a. Cyclins and CDKs
    b. Protooncogenes
    c. Apoptosis
    d. Growth factors

Answer 11

a. Cyclins and CDKs

Question 12

12. The transition from the G1 to S stage of the cell cycle is
    regulated by:
    a. Cyclin B/CDK1 complex
    b. Cyclin A/CDK2 complex
    c. Cyclin D1
    d. Cyclin E/CDK2 complex

Answer 12

d. Cyclin E/CDK2 complex

Question 13

13. Apoptosis is morphologically identified by:
    a. Cellular swelling
    b. Nuclear condensation
    c. Rupture of the cytoplasm
    d. Rupture of the nucleus

Answer 13

b. Nuclear condensation

Question 14

14. Regulation of the hematopoietic microenvironment is provided by the:
    a. Stromal cells and growth factors
    b. Hematopoietic stem cells
    c. Liver and spleen
    d. Cyclins and caspases

Answer 14

a. Stromal cells and growth factors