CELLULAR TYPES AND HISTOLOGY Flashcards
(19 cards)
What type of cells are diverse in the body of an organism, including examples like neurons, epithelial cells, and liver cells?
Somatic cells.
What type of cells play a physiological role in the overall function of an organism?
Somatic cells.
What type of cells are essential for reproduction and include examples like sperm and egg cells?
Germinal cells.
What is the type of cell that is 120 µm in diameter, surrounded by the zona pellucida, and contains the haploid genetic material of the organism?
ovum
What is the structure that surrounds the ovum and plays a key role in its protection?
Zona pellucida.
What is the type of cell that has a head, body, and tail, with enzymes in the head that allow it to penetrate the zona pellucida?
sperm
What structures in sperm help it penetrate the zona pellucida?
.
Enzymes
What is the type of cell that can be 4-150 μm in size, has multiple dendrites, a single axon, and can connect with up to 100,000 other neurons?
Neuron.
What type of cells contain long branches that lie in keratinocytes and are responsible for passing pigment to the melanosome, normally the skin contain 1500 cells per mm^2?
Melanocytes.
What type of cells are adhesive, fused together with desmosomes, and perform functions like absorption, secretion, and ion transport, varying in size according to their location?
Epithelial cells.
What are unspecialized cells of connective tissue that can differentiate into cartilage, bone, fat, and smooth muscle cells?
Fibroblasts.
What is the structure that helps make cells more elastic and provides an extra layer of protection to the skin?
keratin
What type of cells are polyhedral in shape, 20 to 30 µm in diameter, sometimes multinucleated, and rich in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid droplets?
Hepatocytes.
What type of cells are flat, biconcave discs, about 7.2 µm in diameter, lack mitochondria, a nucleus, and ribosomes, have a lifespan of 120 days, and transport oxygen?
Erythrocytes.
What type of cells are 6-8 µm in diameter, have a minute cytoplasm, function in the immune system, and are normally present at a concentration of 5000 cells per µL of blood?
Lymphocytes.
What type of cells are 35-150 µm in diameter, have a lobulated nucleus containing 8 to 32 genomes formed by endomitosis, and serve as the origin of platelets?
Megakaryocyte.
What type of cells are about 3-5 µm in size, have highly structured cytoplasm, a lifespan of 8 days, and are normally present at a concentration of 200,000 cells per µL of blood?
Platelets.
structurally. 10-100 um in diameter, multinucleated due to myoblast fusion. the most interior part is 1-2um myofibrils with may mitochondria?
Muscle fiber cell
structurally, are scale like structure full of keratin which devoid of a nucleus or any organelles
keratinocytes
