Central Dogma

Question 1

Helicase

Answer 1

The enzyme that breaks the h-bonds of the double helix

Question 2

Topoisomerase

Answer 2

The enzyme that keeps the replication bubble open

Question 3

The lagging strand

Answer 3

Fragments of DNA being made in the opposite direction of the replication bubble

Question 4

Leading strand

Answer 4

the strand that is being made in the same direction as the repication bubble

Question 5

DNA polymerase 3

Answer 5

Creates strands

Question 6

DNA polymerase 1

Answer 6

Replaces RNA primer with DNA

Question 7

DNA Ligase

Answer 7

Joins fagments

Question 8

Okazaki Fragments

Answer 8

Fragments that make up the lagging strand

Question 9

Primase

Answer 9

Creates the RNA that will be turned into DNA

Question 10

What direction is DNA being made

Answer 10

from 5 prime to 3 prime

Question 11

DNA replication

Answer 11

The process of creating two new identical strands of DNA

Question 12

Cellular replication basic steps

Answer 12

1. Copy DNA
2. Separated the copies
3. Divide cytoplasm

Question 13

M phase check points

Answer 13

1. Chromosome attached to spindle
2. Chromosome separated

Question 14

G2 check point

Answer 14

DNA replication finished

Question 15

G1 check point

Answer 15

cell size, sufficient nutrients, undamaged

Question 16

Interphase functions

Answer 16

cell growth, DNA duplicated, nucleus and organelles duplicated

Question 17

Gap phases purpose

Answer 17

allow cell to grow and replicate organelles

Question 18

Prophase

Answer 18

Chromosomes condense, spindles form

Question 19

Prometaphase

Answer 19

Nuclear envelop breaks down, microtubules contact chromosomes at center

Question 20

Metaphase

Answer 20

chromosomes move to middle of cell

Question 21

anaphase

Answer 21

sister chromatids separate

Question 22

telophase

Answer 22

new nuclear envelop formes and chromosomes de-condense

Question 23

Cytokinesis

Answer 23

cell division begins

Question 24

Plant cell spartation divider

Answer 24

Cell plate

Question 25

Animal cell separation divider

Answer 25

cleavage furrow

Question 26

cohesin

Answer 26

protein that holds sister chromatids together

Question 27

Condensins

Answer 27

protein that compacts the DNA

Question 28

Nuclear lamins

Answer 28

protein that stabilizes the nucleus

Question 29

kinetochore proteins

Answer 29

attach microtubules to DNA

Question 30

Origin of DNA replication

Answer 30

replication bubble

Question 31

Direction of replication

Answer 31

5 prime to 3 prime

Question 32

Replication basic steps (leading strand)

Answer 32

1. DNA is opened and primed 2. DNA polymerase 3 makes the leading strand

Question 33

Replication basic steps (lagging strand)

Answer 33

1. RNA primer creates RNA replicates 2. first segment is synthesized 3. next fragment is synthesized 4. Primer is replaced with DNA by DNA polymerase 1 5. DNA ligase closes the gap

Question 34

What enzyme repairs DNA

Answer 34

DNA polymerase