Galestro soil - Chianti -- cooler clay - Brunello -- warmer sand/limeston - Coastal -- more gravel (ex. Sassicaia)

- high in tannin and acidity, short on color and flavor - signature tea, tobacco, and red fruit flavors - different style and expression depending on regions

Central & Southern Italy Flashcards by Stephanie Wills

Italian name for Tuscany

Toscana

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What was Tuscan wine historically bottled in?

fiasco, a squat straw-covered Chianti bottle

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Super Tuscan trailblazer

Marquis Mario Rocchetta

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1st commercial vintage of Sassicaia

1968

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Marquis Mario Rocchetta’s nephew

Piero Antinori of Tignanello

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Percentage of DOC/DOCG wine in Tuscany

60%

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Number of DOCGs in Tuscany

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Climate of Tuscany

Dry maritime climate

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Soil of Tuscany

Galestro soil

Chianti – cooler clay
Brunello – warmer sand/limeston
Coastal – more gravel (ex. Sassicaia)

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Main grapes of Tuscany

Sangiovese
Vernaccia
Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot

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Sangiovese profile

high in tannin and acidity, short on color and flavor
signature tea, tobacco, and red fruit flavors
different style and expression depending on regions

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How many DOCG in Chianti?

7 zones

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7 zones of Chianti

Chianti Colli Senesi
Chianti Rufina
Chianti Colli Fiorentini
Chianti Colline Pisane
Chianti Colli Aretini
Chianti Montalbano
Chianti Montespertoli

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Grapes often blended with Sangiovese

adds color and power

Cabernet Sauvignon
Colorino

softens Sangiovese hard attack
-Canaiolo

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Italy’s most planted red varietal

Sangiovese

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Italy’s most planted white varietal

Trebbiano Toscano

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Principle Grape of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

Sangiovese

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anthocyanins

color inducing compounds found in wine

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Most used varietal for white production in Tuscany

Vernaccia

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Note on Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot in Tuscany

International grapes
Became popular with the Super Tuscan movement
Used mostly as blending material to transform the Sangiovese profile
Main grapes planted in Bolgheri new DOC

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Chianti Classico notes

original growing area
Historically recorded in 1398
From Florence to Siena, divided in 9 still unofficial sub-regions

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Requirements for Chianti Classico

minimum 80% Sangiovese

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When did Chianti Classico earn DOCG status

1996

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What on a bottle shows that it is Chianti Classico outside of the lable

Gallo Nero - Black Rooster

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Grapes grown in Brunello di Montalcino

ONLY Sangiovese, no blends | local clone of Sangiovese is just called Brunello

Notes on Brunello di Montalcino

Small quantities grown | Rather expensive

Climate of Brunello di Montalcino

About 500 meters of Altitude Warm Mediterranean influence Gives Brunello higher potential alcohol levels than they do further north in Chianti Classico

Aging period in Brunello di Montalcino

Long -- called affinamento | 2 years in oak/3 years in bottle

Profile of Brunello di Montalcino

Full-bodied and high in alcohol; they tend to display ripe, dark-fruit flavors Most benefit from time in the cellar

What wine is called Baby Brunello

Rossi di Montalcino DOC was in the 1980s

Notes on Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

Blends based on the local clone of Sangiovese known as Prugnolo Gentile Not as popular or as well known as other Tuscan appellations

Regions of Vin santo production

Vin Santo del Chianti Vin Santo del Chianti Classico Vin Santo di Montalcino

How long are grapes dried for Vin Santo

3-6 months after harvest

Caratelli

small barrels of oak or chestnut used for long, slow fermentation of Vin Santo

Why is space left in the barrels of vin santo?

so wines develop sherry-like oxidized aromas

How many years of ageing/fermenting for Vin Santo

3+ years

Grape of Vin Santo

Mostly Trebbiano | sometimes Sangiovese

What divides Marches?

Apennine Mountains and the Adriatic Sea

Climate of Marches

Mostly Mediterranean with cooler and warmer area

Soil of Marches

Calcareous, clay, limestone-rich

Grapes of Marches

Mostly white wines from Verdicchio and Trebbiano Other grapes - Pinot Bianco, Malvasia Toscana, Pecorino, Bianchello del Metauro

Majority of wine production in Marches is at what level?

Vino de Tavola | only 20% of wines under DOCG/DOC

How many DOCG/DOC in Marches

15 DOC | 4 DOCG

Major DOCG in Marches

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi | Verdicchio di Matelica

Grapes of Abruzzo

Montepulciano + Trebbiano

DOCG of Abruzzo

Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Colline Teramane

DOC of Abruzzo

3 Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Trebbiano d' Abruzzo Controguerra

What is Southern Italy & the Islands known as

The Italian Midi -- locally known as the Mezzogiorno

What are most producers in Southern Italy

Generally IGT -- which they prefer of DOC/DOCG

4 DOC of Bascilicata

Aglianico del Vulture Aglianico del Vulture Superiore Grottino DI Roccanova Matera

Notes on Calabria

``` No DOCG 12 DOCs (ex. Ciro, Terre di Consenza) ```

Major grapes of Calabria

Gaglioppo and Greco Nero - Red | Greco Bianco, Trabbiano Toscano - White

Where is known as the Barolo of the south

Campania

Grapes of Campania

AGLIANICO + Falanghina, Fiano, Greco, Coda di Volpe

Most Famous red wine appellations of Campania

Taurasi DOC | Aglianico del Taburno DOC

Most famous white wine appellations

Fiano di Avellino DOC | Greco di Tufo DOC

Special mention in Campania

Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio

What is known as the boot of Italy?

Puglia

Where is half of Italy's Olive production

Puglia

Main grapes of Puglia

Negroamaro, Primitivo, Uva di Troia

DOCG of Puglia

Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG

Notable DOCs in Puglia

Primitivo - Maduria - Gioia del Colle Negroamaro - Alezio - Matino - Glatina - Copertino - Nardo - Leverano - Lizzano - Salice Salentino - Squinzano - Brindisi

Major influence in Sicily

Mount Etna/Volcanic Soils

What was Sicily once famous for?

Sweet Muscats notably in Pantelleria

Where is Marsala produced

Sicily

What encompasses most of the dry table wine production in Sicily?

IGT Terre Sicilane

Red grapes of Sicily

Nero d'Avola, Nerello Mascalese, Frappato

White grapes of Sicily

Inzolia, Grillo, and Carricante

DOCG of Sicily

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG

Notable DOC of Sicily

Bianco d'Alcamo Etna Faro

Notable sweet wine (moscato) DOC

Noto Siracusa Pantelleria

Notes on Sardinia

Autonomous region | Lowest wine production per hectare of Italy

Red Grapes of Sardinia

Grenache (locally called Cannanou) Carignan (local clone Bovale di Spagna & Bovale Grande) Cabernet Sauvignon

White Grapes of Sardegna

Vermentino | Malvasia

Important DOC of Sardegna

Cannonau di Sardegna Vementino di Sardegna Cagliari

Central & Southern Italy Flashcards

(75 cards)