Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia Flashcards
(19 cards)
These specialized receptor types send information about position and orientation to the cerebellum via the ascending sensory pathways…
Muscle spindle and GTOs found within the muscles and tendons.
After taking in and calculating positional sensation, the cerebellum projects to what brain space?
Projects mostly to the thalamus which will then project to the motor cortex.
The cerebellum controlls muscle tone, posture and balance through what four descending tracts?
Corticoreticular
Reticulospinal
Vestibulospinal
Corticospinal
Four Tracts does the cerebellum use for voluntary movement control?
Corticonuclear
Corticorubral
rubrospinal
corticospinal
Which tracts are involved in the gama loop responsible for resisting gravity and producing muscle tone?
Corticoreticular
reticulospinal
vestibulospinal
Describe the gamma loop acting within the muscles.
The gamma fibers cause the intrafusal muscles to contract stretching he non contractile region of the intrafusal fibers to stretch.
This stimulates the annulospiral endings leading to activation of alpha motor neurons stimulating extrafusal fibers producing tone.
Muscle spindles paint an image of body position (proprioception) to the brain through which tracts?
Spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts.
The cerebellum promotes muscle tone, what structure is in control of inhibiting muscle tone?
Basal ganglia.
Works by providing the contralateral side.
Damage to the basal ganglia will cause hypertonicity to the…. side.
Contralateral.
Proprioception is relayed through the spinal cord to the somatosensory cortex through which spinal pathway?
The DM-ML.
This positional sensation is entering conciousness unlike the proprioception being sent to the cerebellum.
The radicular arteries supply the ……
Spinal nerve roots
The medullary arteries supply the ……
Spinal cord
Below the cervical level the radicular arteries for anastomoses with what structure?
The anterior and posterior spinal arterys.
Why is the cervical region more suceptible to damage following ischemia?
The radicular arteries do not form anastamoses at the cervical level thus if the posterior or anterior arteries of this portion become occluded there is no back up.
Occlusion by thrombus to the anterior spinal artery will result in loss of what structure and sensation?
Loss of the anterolateral system/pathway resulting in the loss of pain and temperature
Lower motor neuron weakness following a thrombus is due to blockage of what artery?
Blockage of the anterior spinal artery resulting in damage to the anterior horn cells.
Upper motor neuron signs due to loss of the lateral corticospinal tract would be a result of occlusion in what artery?
The anterior spinal artery supplies the lateral corticospinal tract.
Incontinence following arterial obstruction is due to damage of what structures?
Damage to the anterior spinal artery which leads to loss of the descending pathways controlling the anal sphincters.
How will occlusion of one or both posterior spinal arteries present?
Will result in the loss of the dorsal white columns presenting with loss of fine touch, vibratory sensation, and proprioception.
