cerebellum (dr. driscoll)

Question 1

what are the three cortico- tracks and where do they terminate

Answer 1

corticospinal: motor cortex to ventral horn of spinal chord

corticobulbar: motor cortex to inferior olive

corticopontine: motor cortex to pontine nuclei/cells

Question 2

what cerebellar peduncle does the posterior spinocerebellar tract go through

Answer 2

inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 3

what peduncle does the olivocerebellar tract go through

Answer 3

inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 4

what peduncle do the mossy fibers come from

Answer 4

middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 5

what peduncle does the pontocerebellar tract go through

Answer 5

middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 6

the mossy fibers are (excitatory/inhibitory)

Answer 6

weakly excitatory

Question 7

the climbing fibers are (excitatory/inhibitory)

Answer 7

STRONGLY excitatory

Question 8

the olivocerebellar tract projects to/synapses in the BLANK and BLANK

Answer 8

deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar cortex

Question 9

the pontocerebellar tract/mossy fibers project to/synapses in the BLANK and BLANK

Answer 9

deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar cortex

Question 10

the posterior spinocerebellar tract terminates/synapses in the BLANK

Answer 10

cerebellar cortex

Question 11

where does excitatory input to the pirkinge cells in cerebellar cortex come from

Answer 11

mossy fibers and climbing fibers

Question 12

where does the axon of purkinge cells project to

Answer 12

deep cerebellar nuclei

Question 13

the cerebellodentothalamic tract goes from the BLANK through the BLANK and projects to the BLANK

Answer 13

deep cerebellar nuclei through the superior cerebellar peduncle and projects to the VL of thalamus

Question 14

the cerebellodentorubral tract goes from the BLANK through the BLANK and projects to the BLANK

Answer 14

deep cerebellar nuclei through the superior cerebellar peduncle and projects to the red nucleus

Question 15

purkinje cells are excitatory/inhibitory

Answer 15

inhibitory (GABA)

Question 16

4 pillars/functions of cerebellum

Answer 16

1. synergy
2. comparison
3. prediction
4. control/brakes

Question 17

synergy (cerebellum) function/meaning

Answer 17

rapid processing of info + changes in speach/movement

Question 18

comparison (cerebellum) function/meaning

Answer 18

rapid correction

Question 19

prediction (cerebellum) function/meaning

Answer 19

rapid prediction + anticipation of whats going to happen

Question 20

control/brakes (cerebellum) function/meaning

Answer 20

being able to stop movement + speech when needed/appropriate

Question 21

what makes up the archicerebellum

Answer 21

floculonodular lobe (floculus + nodulus)

Question 22

what makes up the paleocerebellum

Answer 22

anterior lobe and vermis

Question 23

what makes up the neocerebellum

Answer 23

posterior lobe

Question 24

what is the function of the archicerebellum

Answer 24

ballance and positioning, works w/vestibular system (vestibular nuclei in brainstem and semicircular canals)

Question 24

paleocerebellum funcion

Answer 24

muscle tone (specifically muscles of trunk)

Question 25

neocerebellum function

Answer 25

skilled voluntary movements

Question 26

most damage to cerebellum results in ipsi/contralateral damage

Answer 26

ipsilateral damage (bc crosses once on way into cerebellum and once on way out, cancel eachother out)

Question 27

the inferior cerebellar peduncle contains the BLANK and BLANK, info from BLANK, and info from BLANK

Answer 27

posterior spinocerebellar tract, info from reticular formation (alternes), info from vestibular nuclei (balance), olivocerebellar tract (climbing fibers, strongly excitatory)

Question 28

the middle cerebellar peduncle contains BLANK tract

Answer 28

pontocerebellar tract (mossy fibers, weakly excitatory)

Question 29

the superior cerebellar peduncle contains BLANK and BLANK tracts

Answer 29

cerebelodentatothelamic tract and cerebelodentatorubral tract (output from deep cerebellar nuclei)

Question 30

climbing fibers do what to purkinge cells

Answer 30

wrap around purkinge dendrites and are STRONGLY excitatory

Question 31

mossy fibers do what in cerebellar cortex

Answer 31

excited granular cells in granular cell layer that then send branching axons (paralell fibers) up to purkinge cell layer where they WEEKLY excite the purkinge dendrites

Question 32

basket cells do what in the cerebellar cortex

Answer 32

wrap around purkinge cell bodies and INHIBIT purkinge cells

Question 33

damage to archicerebellum results in BLANK

Answer 33

balance problems

Question 34

damage to the anterior cerebellum/paleocerebellum results in BLANK

Answer 34

posture distubances

Question 35

damage to neocerebellum results in BLANK or BLANK, BLANK, and/or BLANK + BLANK

Answer 35

distonia or hypotonia, dysarthria, asynergia + dysynergia

Question 36

distonia/hypotonia definition

Answer 36

too little muscle tone (floppy), to much muscle tone (rigidity)

Question 37

intention tremor definition

Answer 37

tremor during purposeful action (reaching for something, looking in specific direction)

Question 38

asynergia + dysynergia definition

Answer 38

lack of rebound control includes: - dismetria - decomposition of movement - dysdiadochokinesis

Question 39

dismetria dfinition

Answer 39

reaching to far for things/inability to stop actions

Question 40

dysdiadochokinesis definition

Answer 40

inability to perform rapid, alternating movements