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Neuroanatomy > Cerebral Hemispheres > Flashcards

Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

Part of the cerebrum that forms the central core

A

Diencephalon

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2
Q

Part of the cerebrum that forms the cerebral hemispheres

A

Telencephalon so

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3
Q

Forms the largest part of the brain

A

Cerebral hemisphere

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4
Q

Part of the cerebral hemisphere that controls the left portion of the body

A

Right hemispheres

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5
Q

Controls the right portion of the body

A

Left hemisphere

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6
Q

Composed of gray matter

Forms a complete covering for the cerebral hemispheres

A

Cerebral cortex

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7
Q

Deep, midline Sagittal fissure
Separates the two cerebral hemispheres
Contains the fall cerebrum and anterior cerebral arteries

A

Longitudinal cerebral fissure

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8
Q

Sickle-shaped fold of dura mater

A

Falx cerebrum

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9
Q

Wide, flat bundle of neural fibers
Connects the hemispheres across the midline
Also known as the callosal commissure

A

Corpus callosum

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10
Q

Second horizontal fold of dura mater that separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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11
Q

Folds in the cerebral surface

Increases the surface area of the cerebral cortex

A

Gyri

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12
Q

Also known as fissures

Grooves which separate the gyri from each other

A

Sulci

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13
Q

Separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

A

Central sulcus or sulcus of rolando

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14
Q

Gyrus that lies anterior to it contains motor cells that initiate the movements of the opposite side of the body

A

Central sulcus or sulcus of rolando

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15
Q

Gyrus posterior to it lies the general sensory cortex that receives information from the opposite side of the body

A

Central sulcus or sulcus of rolando

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16
Q

Runs downward and forward across the lateral aspect of the hemisphere

A

Central sulcus or sulcus of rolando

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17
Q

Indents the superomedial border and lies between two parallel gyri

A

Central Sulcus or sulcus of rolando

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18
Q

Separates the frontal and parietal lobes above from the temporal lobe below

A

Lateral sulcus or fissure of Sylvius

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19
Q

Deep cleft found on the inferior and lateral surfaces of cerebral hemisphere

A

Lateral sulcus or fissure of Sylvius

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20
Q

Area of cortex that lies at the bottom of the deep lateral sulcus

A

Insula

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21
Q

Separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe

A

Parieto-occipital lobe

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22
Q

Separates the occipital lobe medically from cuneus and lingual gurus

A

Calcarine sulcus

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23
Q

Contains the primary motor area (carries out individual movements of the body)
Plays a role in a person’s feeling and social judgment

A

Frontal lobe

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24
Q

Contains 4 gyri and 3 sulcus

A

Frontal lobe

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25
Parallel to the central sulcus
Precentral sulcus
26
Between the precentral and central sulci
Precentral gyrus
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Anterior to the precentral sulcus
Superior and inferior frontal sulci
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Superior to the superior frontal sulcus
Superior frontal gyrus
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Between the superior and inferior frontal sulci
Middle frontal gyrus
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Inferior to the inferior frontal sulcus
Inferior frontal gyrus
31
Contains the areas for sensory reception and integration of sensory information Occupies the area posterior to the central sulcus and superior to the lateral sulcus
Parietal lobe
32
Divided into 3 gyri and 2 sulci
Parietal lobe
33
Sulcus of the parietal lobe that is Parallel to the central sulcus
Postcentral sulcus
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Lies between the post central and central sulci
Post central gyrus
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Runs posteriorly from the middle of the post central sulcus
Intraparietal sulcus
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Superior to the intraparietal sulcus
Superior parietal gyrus
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Inferior to the intraparietal sulcus
Inferior parietal gyrus
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Contains the primary auditory cortex | Occupies the area inferior to the lateral sulcus
Temporal lobe
39
Divided into 3 gyri and 2 sulci
Temporal lobe
40
Run parallel to the posterior Ramus of the lateral sulcus
Superior and middle temporal sulci
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Between the lateral sulcus and superior temporal sulcus
Superior temporal gyrus
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Between the superior and inferior temporal sulci
Middle temporal gyrus
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Inferior to the inferior temporal sulcus
Inferior temporal gyrus
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Contains the primary visual area Posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus Contains the cuneus and lingual gyrus
Occipital lobe
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Specific part of the frontal lobe that controls the movement of the parts of the body
Pre-central area
46
Area of the frontal lobe that is associated with memories of past experiences
Posterior region
47
Area of the frontal lobe responsible for storage of motor movements
Anterior region
48
Area of the frontal lobe that needs high intensity stimuli to excite a part of the body Found in the medial side of the frontal lobe
Supplementary motor area
49
Area of the frontal lobe for visual tracking
Frontal eye field
50
Area of the frontal lobe located in the inferior frontal gyrus Responsible for expressive speech
Motor speech area of broca
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Area of the frontal lobe responsible for executive functioning, imagination and memory
Prefrontal cortex
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Area of the parietal lobe responsible for taste and sensation
Primary somesthetic area
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Area of the parietal lobe that gives meaning to different body sensations
Secondary somesthetic area
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Area of the parietal lobe responsible for naming objects that are unseen but are felt
Somesthetic association area
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Area of the parietal lobe associated with balance
Vestibular area
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Area of the parietal lobe associated with sense of taste
Taste area
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Area of the temporal lobe responsible for hearing without giving meaning to what the ears perceive
Primary auditory area
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Area of the temporal lobe that gives meaning to what the ears perceive
Secondary auditory area
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Area of the temporal lobe responsible for receptive speech
Sensory speech area of wernicke
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Area of the occipital lobe responsible for what the eye perceives without giving it meaning
Primary visual cortex
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Area of the occipital lobe that gives meaning to what the eyes perceive
Secondary visual area
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Area of the occipital lobe
Occipital eye field
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Fifth lobe of the brain A segment of the cerebral cortex Associated with visceral functions Found at the bottom of the deep lateral sulcus
Insula
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Largest commissure of the brain | Facilitates interhemispheric communication
Corpus callosum
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Begins beneath the anterior end of the corpus callosum and continues until it reaches its posterior end
Cingulate gyrus
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Separates the cingulate gyrus from the corpus callosum
Callosal sulcus
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Separates the cingulate gyrus from the superior frontal gyrus
Cingulate sulcus
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Area of the cerebral cortex that surrounds the indentation produced by the central sulcus on the superior border
Paracentral lobule
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Posterior to parieto-occipital sulcus
Precuneus
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Triangular area of cortex
Cuneus
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Runs anteriorly below the calcarine sulcus
Collateral sulcus
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Between the collateral sulcus and calcarine sulcus
Lingual gyrus
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Anterior to the lingual gyrus
Para hippocampus gyrus
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Lateral to the sulcus and continuous with the inferior temporal gyrus
Occipotemporal gyrus
75
Lies on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe where the olfactory bulb and tract over lie
Olfactory sulcus
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Medial to the olfactory sulcus
Gyrus rectus
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Lateral to the olfactory sulcus
Orbital gyri
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Resembles a C-shaped structure Cavity lined with Ependymal and filled with CSF Part of the ventricular system of the brain
Lateral ventricles
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Collection of gray matter within each hemisphere comprised of multiple subcortical nuclei of varied origin Situated at base of the forebrain
Basal nuclei
80
Lateral to the thalamus
Corpus striatum
81
Divides the corpus striatum
Internal capsule
82
Large c-shaped mass of gray matter closely related to the lateral ventricles Responsible for voluntary movement
Caudate nucleus
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Wedge-shaped mass of gray matter
Lentiform nucleus
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Round structure at the base of the forebrain Regulates movements and influence various types of learning Plays a role in degenerative neurological disorders
Putamen
85
Subcortical structure also known as | Part of the telencephalon but retains close functional ties with the sub thalamus
Globus pallidus
86
Located at temporal lobe close to the uncus | Part of the limbic system
Amygdaloid nucleus
87
Thin sheet of gray matter lateral to the external capsule and medial to the subcortical white matter of the Insula
Claustrum
88
Connect the corresponding regions of the hemispheres
Commissural fibers
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Small bundle of nerves that crosses the midline in the anterior portion
Anterior commissure
90
Crosses the midline immediately above the opening of the cerebral aqueduct into the third ventricle
Posterior commissure
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Myelinated nerve fibers which constitutes the efferent system of the hippocampus Carries signals from the hippocampus to the hypothalamus
For is
92
Small bundle of nerve fibers associated with habernular nuclei Receives afferent fibers from the amygdaloid nuclei and hippocampus
Habernular commissure
93
Nerve fibers that essentially connect various cortical regions within the same hemisphere
Association fibers
94
Located immediately beneath the cortex | Connects adjacent gyri
Short association fibers
95
Connects the first motor speech area and the gyri on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe with the cortex of the pole of the temporal lobe
Uncinate fasciculus
96
Long, curved fasciculus lying within the white matter of the cingulate gyrus Connects the frontal and parietal loves with parahippocampal and adjacent temporal cortical regions
Cingulum
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Largest bundle of nerve fibers connecting the anterior part of the frontal lobe to the occipital and temporal lobes
Superior longitudinal fasciculus
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Runs anteriorly from the occipital lobe, passing lateral to the optic radiation, and is distributed to the temporal lobe
Inferior longitudinal fasciculus
99
Connects the frontal lobe to the occipital and temporal lobes
Fronto-occipital fasciculus
100
Made up of nerve fibers passing to and from the brainstem to the entire cerebral cortex
Projection fibers
101
Largest part of the brain | Situated at anterior end of middle cranial fossae
Cerebrum

Neuroanatomy (3 decks)

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