Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
(32 cards)
is a group of neurological disorders that affect a person’s
ability to move, maintain balance, and control posture.
Cerebral palsy
It’s caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before
or during birth, or shortly after. CP is not progressive,
meaning the brain damage doesn’t get worse over time, but
the symptoms can change as a person grows.
Cerebral palsy
4 types of cerebral palsy
Spastic type
Dyskinetic/Athetoid type
Ataxic type
Mixed type/Dystonic: combination of
spasticity and athetosis
The most common type of cerebral palsy is??
Spasticity (Spastic CP)
Description:
Increased muscle tone (stiff muscles), making movement tight, jerky, or
difficult.
Examples:
• Child walks on tiptoes due to tight calf muscles
• Difficulty bending arms or straightening legs
• Scissor gait (legs cross over when walking)
• Trouble with fine motor skills, like buttoning a shirt
Spasticity (Spastic CP)
Hypertonic muscles, abnormal clonus,
exaggeration of deep tendon reflexes, abnormal
reflexes such as a __________ and
continuation of neonatal reflexes such as the ________
positive Babinski reflex & tonic neck reflex
Tend to assume a “___________” because tight
adductor thigh muscle cause their legs to cross
when held upright.
scissors gait
Ano tawag sa spastic involvement may affect
extremities on one side
hemiplegia
Spastic involvement may affect
extremities on all four extremities
quadriplegia
Spastic involvement may affect
extremities on primarily the
lower extremities
diplegia or
paraplegia
Children with ______ usually have
greater involvement in the arm than the
leg
Hemiplegia
A child with __________ often has
impaired speech but may or may not be
cognitively challenged
quadriplegia
is common due to
excessive drooling and decrease in normal
control of oral sensation and motor
function.
Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties)
Involves abnormal involuntary
movement
Athetoid
Athetoid means?
Wormlike
Early in life, the child appears limp and
flaccid.
• Description:
Slow, writhing, involuntary movements,
especially in the hands, feet, face, or
tongue.
Examples:
• Hand slowly curls in unpredictable ways
when trying to grab something
• Facial grimacing or difficulty controlling
tongue movements → speech issues
• Difficulty holding head steady or sitting
upright
Athetoid
Under emotional stress, the involuntary movements may become
irregular and jerking
Choreoid
disordered muscle tone
Dyskinetic
Description:
Poor balance and coordination, often
from damage to the cerebellum.
Examples:
• Child appears clumsy or wobbly when
walking
• Tremor when trying to write or reach for
something
• Wide-legged, unsteady walking (ataxic gait)
Ataxia (Ataxic CP)
Ataxic type
• On neurologic examination,
they are unable to perform
fine coordinated motion
The finger-to-nose test
rapid
repetitive movements
Some children show symptoms of both spasticity
and athetoid or ataxic and athetoid movements.
• This combination obviously results in a severe
degree of physical impairment.
Description:
A combination of motor issues, usually spastic +
dyskinetic.
Examples:
• Stiff legs combined with writhing hand movements
• Difficulty controlling both movement initiation and
balance
Mixed type
What are the primary
modalities for diagnosis of CP.
Neurologic examination and history
involve a variety of settings,
facilities, and especially trained
persons (rehabilitation
specialist), including the
parents.
Multidisciplinary approach
are worn by many of
these children and are used to prevent or reduced
deformity, increase the energy efficiency of gait, and
control alignment.
Ankle-foot orthosis (AFOs, braces)
