Cerebral vasculature

Question 1

the brain weighs %?
% cardiac output
% body O2 consumption
% of Liver glucose

Answer 1

weighs 2 %
uses 10-20%
used 20%
uses 66%
very vulnerable if blood supply is impaired

Question 2

what supplies the brain with blood

Answer 2

common carotid
vertebral artery

Question 3

in what sequence does the blood leave the brain

Answer 3

cerebral veins > venous sinuses in the dura mater > internal jugular vein

Question 4

describe an Extradural hemorrhage

Answer 4

Trauma, immediate clinical effects
arterial and high pressure

Question 5

describe a subdural hameorrhage

Answer 5

Trauma delayed clinical effects, venous and low pressure

Question 6

describe a subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 6

ruptured aneurysms

Question 7

describe an intracerebral hemorrhage

Answer 7

spontaneous hypertensive

Question 8

what is a stroke ?

Answer 8

It is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
A rapidly developing focal disturbance to brain function of presumed vascular origin and lasts more then 24 hours

Question 9

what two types of stroke is there?

Answer 9

thromboembolic 85% or a hemorrhage 15 %

Question 10

what is a transient ischaemic attack

Answer 10

A rapidly developing focal disturbance to brain function of presumed vascular origin that completely resolves in 24 hours

Question 11

what is an infarction

Answer 11

degenerative changes that occur to tissue following occlusion of an artery

Question 12

what is cerebral ischemia

Answer 12

Lack of sufficient blood supply to nervous tissue that results in permanent damage if not restored quickly

Question 13

what is thrombosis

Answer 13

formation of a blood clot (thrombus)

Question 14

Embolism

Answer 14

plugging a small vessel by material carried from a larger vessel e.g Thrmobi from the heart or atherosclerotic debris from the internal carotid

Question 15

what are the risks for a stroke

Answer 15

Old age
smoking
diabetes
hypertension
cardiac disease

Question 16

what are the symptoms of a stroke in the anterior cerebral artery?

Answer 16

Paralysis of contralateral structures
(leg>arm face)
Abulia: disturbance of intellect judgment and executive function
loss of appropriate social behavior

Question 17

middle cerebral artery symptoms

Answer 17

classic stroke
contralateral hemiplegia (arm>leg)
contralateral hemisensory deficits
hemianopia

Question 18

posterior cerebral artery symptoms

Answer 18

homonymous hemianopia
visual agnosia