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Rehab 103 > Cerebrovascular Accident > Flashcards

Cerebrovascular Accident Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primitive name of the Brain?

A

Encephalon

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2
Q

Part of extracellular fluid

A

CSF

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3
Q

Produced by choroid plexus

A

CSF

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4
Q

Enumerate in proper order the CSF flow

A

Choroid Plexus > Lateral Ventricles > Foramen of Monroe > 3rd Ventricle > Sylvian Aqueduct > 4th Ventricle > F. Luschka, F. Magendie, F. Luschka > Subarachnoid Space > Terminates at S2 Level > Reabsorbed at Arachnoid Villi

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5
Q

Membranous connective tissue that encloses the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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6
Q

What are the functions of the meninges?

A

Protect the spinal cord from mechanical damage & infection

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7
Q
  • Outermost covering

- Strongest/ toughest layer

A

Dura Mater

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8
Q

What is the other name for the Dura Mater?

A

Pachymeninx

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9
Q

It is the middle layer of the meninges

A

Arachnoid Mater

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10
Q

What is the other name for Arachnoid Mater?

A

Leptomeninx

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11
Q

The innermost layer of the meninges

A

Pia Mater

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12
Q

What is the other term for Pia Mater?

A

Leptomeninx

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13
Q

Layer found in between the skull and dura mater

A

Extradural Space

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14
Q

Layer located between dura et arachnoid mater

A

Subdural Space

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15
Q

Layer located between arachnoid mater et pia mater

A

Subarachnoid Space

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16
Q
  • Largest part of the brain
  • aka “big brain”
  • has 2 hemispheres
A

Cerebrum

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17
Q

What lateral side of the body is affected when pt has CVA?

A

Contralateral Side

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18
Q

What are the functions of the L Hemisphere?

A 
(MALL)
M- Math Analysis
- Analytical
- Logical thinking
- Language
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19
Q

What are the functions of the R Hemisphere?

A 
(MICA)
M- Memory & music
I- Insights
C- Creativity
A- Arts
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20
Q

Largest lobe of the brain

A

Frontal Lobe of Cerebrum

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21
Q

What are the functions of the Frontal Lobe?

A

(MPS)
M- Motor Function
P- Personality and Behavior
S- “ Seat Intelligence”

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22
Q

What is the function of the Parietal Lobe of the Cerebrum?

A

General Sensation

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23
Q

What are the general sensations?

A 
(PTPT)
P- Pain
T- Temperature
P- Pressure
T- Touch
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24
Q

What is the function of the Occipital Lobe?

A

For Vision

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25
What are the functions of the temporal lobe?
Hearing, Memory, Smelling
26
What is BA 4?
- Primary Motor Area - Precentral Gyrus - Execution of motor function on the contralateral side of the body
27
If there is a lesion is BA 4 what is it?
Flaccidity
28
What is BA 6?
- Premotor Area | - aka “Secondary Motor Area”; “Motor Association Area”
29
What are the functions of BA 6?
- Motor Planning - Initiation of Movement - Coordination
30
If BA 6 has a lesion what is it?
``` @ C/L Side (SITA) S- Spasticity I- Incoordination T- Tremor A- Akinesia (Motor Deficit) ```
31
What is BA 8?
Frontal Eye Field
32
What is the function of BA 8?
Conjugate eye movements
33
If there is a lesion in BA 8, what is it?
Frontal Gaze Pattern
34
What are BA 9, 10, 11, 12?
Prefrontal Areas
35
What are the functions of BA 9, 10, 11, 12?
- Seat Intelligence | - Personality et Behavior
36
If there are lesion in BA 9, 10, 11, 12,what is it?
Personality and Behavior changes
37
What is BA 44 et 45?
Broca’s Area
38
What is BA 44 et 45 for?
- Associated c praxis speech | - Motor Speech Area
39
If there is lesion in BA 44 et 45, what is it?
Broca’s Aphasia
40
What are BA 3, 1, 2?
Primary Sensory Area- aka Post-central Gyrus
41
What are the functions of BA 3, 1, 2?
- Receives all general sensation, location and sensory perception
42
If there is lesion in BA 3, 1, 2, what is it?
Hemianesthesia/ Anesthesia
43
What is BA 5 et 7?
- Secondary Sensory | - Aka “Somesthetic Area; “Sensory Association Area”
44
What are the functions of BA 5 et 7?
- Interprets sensation perceived by BA 3, 1, 2: * Stereognosis * Bargonosis * Paresthesia * Kinesthesia * Proprioception * Graphesthesia except for pain & temperature
45
What is BA 39?
Angular Gyrus
46
What are the functions of BA 39?
- Naming - Reading - Writing - Mathematical Ability - Right & Left Orientation
47
If there is lesion in BA 39, what is it?
Gertzman Syndrome
48
What is BA 40?
Supramarginal Gyrus
49
What are the functions of BA 40?
Tactile et Language Perception
50
If there is a lesion in BA 40, what is it called?
Apraxia
51
What is BA 43?
Gustatory Area
52
What is the function of BA 43?
Taste Area
53
If there is a lesion in BA 43, what is it called?
Aguesia
54
What is BA 17?
- Primary Visual Area | - aka Striate Cortex
55
What is the function of BA 17?
Vision
56
If there is a lesion in BA 17, what are they called?
- Homonymous Hemianopsia (unilateral vision) | - Cortical blindness (ipsilateral lesion)
57
What is BA 18 et 19?
- Secondary Visual Area - Visual Association Area - Parastriate Cortex
58
What are the functions of BA 18 et 19?
Interprets images perceived by BA 17
59
If there are lesions in BA 18 et 19, what are they called?
- Visual Agnosia - Color Agnosia - Dyschromatopsia - Alexia without agraphia
60
What is 41 et 42?
- Primary Auditory Areas | - Heschl’s Gyrus
61
What is the function of BA 41 et 42?
Hearing
62
If there are lesions in BA 41 et 42, what are they called?
- Contralateral Deadness (unilateral lesion) | - Cortical deafness (bilateral lesion)
63
What is R BA 22?
Auditory Association Area
64
Whatis the function of R BA 22?
Interprets sound other than language
65
If there is a lesion in R BA 22, what is it called?
Auditory agnosia
66
What is L BA 22?
Wernicke’s Area
67
What is the function of L BA 22?
Interprets language
68
If there is a lesion in L BA 22, what is it called?
Wernicke’s Aphasia | (Can utter clearly but cannot comprehend others
69
Representation of human body based on a neurological map
Homunculus
70
Blood supply of brain divided anteriorly et posteriorly
Circle of Willis
71
Where is opthalmic artery located?
1st branch of ICS
72
Artery that is involved in asymptomatic stroke
Anterior Cerebral Artery
73
What does Ant. Cerebral Artery supplies?
Medial frontal et parietal lobe
74
Terminal branch of ICA Largest branch of ICA Most occluded artery
Middle Cerebral Artery
75
What are the areas that are being supplied by Middle Cerebral Artery?
Lateral frontal Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe
76
Connects the right and left ACA
Anterior Communicating Artery
77
Terminal brand of SCA | Aka “Medial Striate Artery”
Recurrent Artery of Huebner
78
What are the areas being supplied by the Recurrent Artery of Huebner?
Globus Pallidus | Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule
79
Terminal Branch of MCA | Aka “Lateral Striate Artery”
Lenticulostriate Artery
80
What are the areas that are being supplied by the Lenticulostriate Artery?
Neostrium | Posterior Limb of Internal Capsule
81
Branch of vertebral artery
PICA
82
What areas are supplied by PICA
Medulla Oblongata | Cerebellum
83
1st branch of basilar artery
AICA
84
What areas that are being supplied by AICA?
Pons | Cerebellum
85
What areas that being supplied by Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA)
Midbrain | Cerebellum
86
terminal branch of basilar artery
Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)
87
What areas are being supplied by the PCA?
Medial & inferior temporal lobe Occipital Lobe DiencephalonMidbrain
88
Branch of ICA that connect the ICA & PCA
Posterior Communicating Artery
89
Enumerate the components of the Circle of Willis
``` A. Anterior Communicating Artery B. ACA C. ICA D. Posterior Communicating Artery E. PCA ```
90
Sudden loss of neurologic function caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain
Cerebrovascular Accident
91
What are the other names of CVA?
Brain attack Stroke Apoplexy
92
What is a Transient Ischemic Attack?
- Refers to the temporary interruption of blood supply to the brain - do not last more than 24 hours - there is no evidence of residual brain damage
93
What is a Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)?
- Development of more severe neurological impairment - Often associated with active occlusive thrombosis of a major cerebral artery - >24 hrs but not more than 21 days - secondary to subsiding brain edema
94
A term used to describe a stroke affecting patients younger than age 45 Associated with hemorrhagic stroke
Young Stroke
95
Enumerate the Non-Modifiable Risk Factors of CVA
``` (AGRF) A- Age G- Gender R- Race F- Family Hx ```
96
Enumerate the Modified Risk Factors of CVA
``` A. Hypertension B. Heart Disease C. Diabetes Mellitus D. Smoking E. Sedentary Lifestyle F. Hyperlipidemia G. Obesity H. Personality and Behavior ```
97
Interruption/restriction of blood supply to the brain
Ischemic Stroke
98
What is Thrombotic Stroke?
- MC Stroke - Aka “Large Vessel Thrombosis” - Formation /Development of blood clot within the cerebral arteries or their branches
99
What is the major contributing factory to Thrombotic Stroke?
Atherosclerosis
100
What are the sites affected in Thrombotic Stoke?
- VBA - MCA - Common Carotid Artery
101
What is Embolic Stroke?
- it is due to Embolus acquired from A fib | Onset: Sudden or Abrupt
102
What is Lacunar Stroke?
- aka “Small Vessel Thrombosis” | - Onset: Gradual et Suddenseen in deep perforating branches of the large blood vessels
103
What are the sites in Lacunar Stroke?
- PCA - Lenticulostriate Artery - Recurrent Artery of Huebner
104
What are the areas affected in Lacunar Stroke?
- Basal Ganglia (MC) - Cerebellum - Pons - Internal Capsule - Thalamus
105
What is Hemorrhagic Stroke?
- bleeding into the brain | - Secondary ruptured blood vessel or abnormal vascular structures in the brain

Rehab 103 (5 decks)

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