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NCM 118: Life Threatening Conditions > CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT > Flashcards

CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT Flashcards

1
Q

Common cause of CVA :

A

thrombosis, embolism,
cerebral hemorrhage

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2
Q

Caused by disruption of the blood supply to the brain,
causing neurologic deficit

A

CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT

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3
Q

with temporary episodes of neurologic
dysfunction.

A

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA) is a transient
ischemia with

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4
Q

small arteries in the white matter of the
brain account for the most common cause of stroke.

A

THROMBOSIS

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5
Q

e second most common cause of CVA,
and happens when a blood vessel is suddenly
occluded with blood, air, tumor or septic particul

A

EMBOLISM

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6
Q

usually the sudden result of ruptured aneurysms,
tumors or involves hypertension or bleeding
dyscrasias

A

HEMORRHAGE

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7
Q

outermost layer of brain cell

A

● Cortex

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8
Q
  • basic functions like breathing and
    sleeping
A

Brainstem-

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9
Q

cluster of structures in brain center

A

Basal ganglia

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10
Q
  • coordination and balance
A

Cerebellum

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11
Q

are responsible for problem solving and
judgment and motor function

A
  • The frontal lobes
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12
Q

manage sensation, handwriting, and body
position

A
  • The parietal lobes
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13
Q

are involved with memory and hearing

A

temporal lobes

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14
Q

contain the brain’s visual processing
system.

A

occipital lobes

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15
Q

amount of blood received by brain per minute

A

750ml-

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16
Q

TIA early signal-

A

Warning of an impending stroke”

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17
Q

Limitations of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

A

Intubated patients
● drug abuse
● alcohol intoxicatio

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17
Q

QUICK NEURO EXAM

SPERM

A

S- Sensorium
● P- Pupils
● E- Extraocular movement
● R- Respiration and Reflex
● M- Movement/Motor

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18
Q

CN ll

A

Optic

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19
Q

CN lll

A

Occulomotor

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20
Q

CN lV

A

Trochlear

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21
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

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22
Q

CN Vl

A

Abducens

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23
Q

CN Vll

A

Facial

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24
Q

CN Vlll

A

Acoustic

25
Q

CN 9

A

Glossopharengeal

26
Q

CN 10

A

Vagus nerve

27
Q

CN 11

A

Spinal accessory

28
Q

CN 12

A

Hypoglossal

29
Q

A commonly used abbreviation to describe normal
pupils is

A

PERRLA (pupils equal, round and reactive to
light and accommodation).

30
Q

PERRLA

A

(pupils equal, round and reactive to
light and accommodation

31
Q

OLFACTORY NERVE

A

. Some example stimuli include cinnamon,
cloves, and toothpaste .

32
Q

OPTIC NERVE

A

Pupillary light reflex

33
Q

TRIGEMINAL NERVE-MIXED MOTOR & SENSORY

A

Corneal reflex
● Primary
● Light touch
● Pin prick
● Temperature
● Vibration

34
Q

FACIAL NERVE

A

Motor
- Raise both eyebrows
- Frown

35
Q

VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE

A

Whisper numbers in one ear as the patient covers the
other and ask the patient to repeat the numbers.

36
Q

Visualizing uvula deviation away from the affected
side on articulating “AHH” with tongue depressor.

A

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL & VAGUS NERVE

37
Q

ACCESSORY NERVE

A

Shrug shoulders
● Turn head from side to side

38
Q

HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE

A

Stick out tongue and move it to one side, then the
other
● Inspect for tongue atrophy, fasciculations

39
Q

weakness of the half side of the body

A

Hemiparesis

40
Q

The major pathological deep tendon reflex.
● In an adult, the presence of this reflex is a sign of
UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESION

A

BABINSKI REFLEX

41
Q

A late sign of increased ICP
● Manifested by widening of pulse pressure

A

CUSHING TRIAD

42
Q

CUSHING TRIAD

A

SYS BP INCREASE
DIA BP DECREASE
PULSE DECREASE

43
Q

a general term that refers to a sudden malfunction
in the brain that causes someone to collapse

A

Seizure

44
Q

TYPES of Seizurew

A

“Grand Mal” or Generalized tonic-clonic
● Absence
● Myoclonic
● Clonic
● Tonic
● Atonic

45
Q

NURSING MANAGEMENT IN SEIZURE ATTACK

A

Stay with the patient.
● Protect patient from injury
● Promote patent airway.
● Make relevant observations and documentation.

46
Q

is temporary loss of consciousness and
posture, described as “fainting” or “passing out.“

A

Syncope

47
Q

-implies that there is a sensation of motion
either of the person or the environment

A

Vertigo

48
Q

TREATMENT OF ICP

A

Restriction of fluids and administration of diuretics
● Steroids (Dexamethasone) to reduce inflammation
● Hyperventilate- post suctioning

49
Q

exposes brain tumors, aneurysm ,
bleeding in the brain, nerve injury, and other
problems, such as damage caused by a stroke

A

MRI OF THE HEAD

50
Q

A standard noninvasive EEG takes about 1 hour.
2. The patient will be positioned on a padded bed or table, or in
a comfortable chair.

A

ECG - Electroencephalography

51
Q

It is used to diagnosed certain medical conditions (
bacterial involvement/infection of CNS)

A

A lumbar puncture

52
Q

Surgical removal of plaque
in the obstructed artery to increase blood supply to
the brain

A

Carotid Endarterectomy-

53
Q

opening of the skull

A

Craniotomy

54
Q

excision of a portion of the skull

A

Craniectomy

55
Q

repair of a cranial defect using a plastic
or metal plate

A

Cranioplasty

56
Q

circular openings for exploration or
diagnosis, to provide access to ventricles, for shunting
procedures, to aspirate a hematoma or abscess, or to
make a bone flap

A

Burr holes

57
Q

removes tumor, relieves elevated ICP, evacuate blood
clot and control hemorrhage

A

CRANIOTOMY

58
Q

neurosurgical
procedure in which part of the skull is removed to
allow a swelling brain room to expand without being
squeezed.

A

Decompressive craniectomy

59
Q

surgery done to improve the
symmetry and shape the head

A

CRANIOPLASTY

60
Q
A

NCM 118: Life Threatening Conditions (12 decks)

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