Cervical lymph nodes and neck lumps Flashcards
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
Remove excess fluid from interstitial space
Return small proteins (inc pathogens) and fluid that leaked from capillaries
Key role in immune defence and immune surveillance
-Physical and phagocytic barrier
-Source of lymphocytes
What are some clinical manifestations of disease involving the lymphatic system?
Lymphoedema
Lymphadenoathy: swollen lymph nodes due to infection or malignancy
Each node has a number of affrent (input) and only one output (efferent). What effect does this have on lymph?
Slows down so time to filter. There is a:
- Physical filter
- Phagocytic filter
- Lymphocytes (T&B) which active and proliferate in response to antigens.
What specific regions are there where lymph nodes are palpable?
Neck (over half)
Armpit
Groin
If a lymph node feels tender and mobile, what is it likely to be?
An Infection
If a lymph node feels hard, matted and non tender, what is it likely to be?
Malignant
If a lymph node feels rubbery, mobile and fast growing, what is it likely to be?
Lymphoma
What do you do if a lymph node is found to be enlarged?
- Do a comprehensive astray
- Examine the area of tissue it drains
- If systemic disease or malignancy is suspected then you examine other lymph nodes and body systems.
Where do you find superficial lymph nodes?
Superficial cervical fascia
What is superficial cervical fascia continuous with?
Face
Where are deep lymph nodes mainly located?
The route of the IJV in carotid sheath, in the neck.
They are deep to the SCM
Label these lymph nodes 1-8
All pic
Where do the lymph nodes drain?
Add pic
What are the three key deep cervical lymph nodes?
Jugulo-digastric (drains tonsils)
Jugulo-omahyoid (drains posterior tongue and larynx)
Supraclavicular lymph nodes (drains chest and abdomen - so could have stomach / bowel cancer act..)
Label deel cervical lymph nodes
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