General Organisation Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is another word for skull?
Cranuim
How many bones make up the skull?
22
What is shared by scalp and face?
Forehead
What are the two broad categories of facial muscles?
Facial Expression
Mastication (Chewing) so moves Jaw
How many muscles of mastication are there?
4
What are the muscles of mastication?
- Temporalis
- Medial Pteragoid
- Lateral Pteragoid
- Masseter
What nerve innervate the muscles of facial expression?
Facial nerve (Cranial nerve V!II) and branches of
What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V)
What are the main artery and vein in face?
Facial artery and vein
What are the two main actions of muscles of facial expression?
Sphincters (round) - constrict
Dilators (Linear) - Pull
What joint do the muscles of mastication act on?
Temporomandibular joint
What are the five key extra-cranial branches of the facial (VII) nerve?
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Mandibular
- Cervical
Two Zombies Bit My Cat
What is the relationship between the parotid gland and the facial nerve?
As the facial nerve passes anterio-inferiorly to the parotid, it bifurcates intoo the five major branches.
Therefore, if the parotid gland is damaged, it can cause facial paralysis.
What are the three main branches of the trigeminal nerve?
The trigeminal nerve (Cranial nerve V) is the main sensory nerve of the face. It is also motor to muscles of mastication.
- Ophthalmic division
- Maxillary division
- Mandibular division
What branch of trigeminal nerves gives rise to the motor function of muscles of mastication?
Mandibular division
What artery is the main blood supply to head and neck?
Common carotid artery
What is the facial artery a branch of?
Common carotid > external carotid > Facial artery
What is the main vein draining the head and neck?
Internal Jugular Vein
Where does the external jugular vein run compared to the internal jugular?
It runs much more superficially
What are some key muscles of the neck?
- Platysma
- Trapezius
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Scalene muscles
- Supra-hyoids - supplied by cranial nerves
- Infra-hyoids (strap muscles)- supplied by cervical nerves
Why facial planes?
Natural planes
Ease of movement between structures - swallowing
They restrict but also permit spread of infection
What are the borders of the anterior triangle?
- Inferior margin of mandible
- Anterior margin of SCM
- Midline of neck
What structures are associated with the anterior triangle?
Structures coursing between the head and thorax
What are the borders of the posterior triangle?
- Posterior margin of SCM
- Anterior margin of trapezius
- Clavicle
