Cervicothoracic Scan

Question 1

AROM - unwillingness to move or splinting

Answer 1

RED FLAG S&S - severe condition

Question 2

AROM - few, if any, limited and/or painful planes of motion

Answer 2

less severe/acute condition

Question 3

AROM - multiple limited and/or painful planes of motion

Answer 3

more severe/acute condition

Question 4

AROM - aberrant motion

Answer 4

joint hyper mobility/instability

Question 5

AROM - sharp/angulated spinal curve

Answer 5

joint hypomobility

Question 6

AROM - region specific abnormalities i.e., large crease with neck ext

Answer 6

specific to region i.e., crease indicates hypermobility/instability

Question 7

AROM - retest (up to 3x): improved P!/function

Answer 7

indicates inhibited m
regional interdependence
disc injury

Question 8

AROM - retest: worse P!/function

Answer 8

indicates severe/acute condition

Question 9

capsular vs non capsular pattern of restriction

Answer 9

capsular: firm end feels, loss of motion

non-capsular: any pattern not in capsular pattern

Question 10

P! occurs in the direction of the same AROM and PROM

Answer 10

non contractile tissue

Question 11

PROM similarly restricted as AROM in the same direction

Answer 11

joint hypomobility, protective guarding, or a shortened muscle

Question 12

PROM significantly greater then AROM in the same direction

Answer 12

joint hypermobility/instability

Question 13

PROM - motion limited similarly in both weight bearing and non-weight bearing positions

Answer 13

indicates joint hypomobility

Question 14

PROM- motion greater in a non weight bearing position vs a weight bearing position

Answer 14

indicates joint hypermobility/instability

Question 15

combined motion - consistent block through differing paths to the same point

Answer 15

joint hypomobility

Question 16

combined motions - inconsistent block through differing paths to the same point

Answer 16

joint hypermobility

Question 17

combined motions - opposing spinal quadrants blocked

Answer 17

fibrotic joint

Question 18

resisted testing - strong and painful

Answer 18

mild condition

Question 19

resisted testing - weak and painful

Answer 19

acute or moderate to severe condition

Question 20

resisted testing - weak and painless

Answer 20

neurological damage or persistent contractile rupture

Question 21

resisted testing - same pain occurs in one direction of resisted testing and the opposite direction of PROM

Answer 21

contractile tissue

Question 22

resisted testing - multiple planes of weakness at one joint

Answer 22

acute or severe injury

Question 23

resisted testing - symptoms upon release

Answer 23

non-contractile tissue

Question 24

resisted testing - multiple joints of weakness

Answer 24

UMN condition

Question 25

resisted testing - weakness throughout ROM

Answer 25

pathology

Question 26

resisted testing - positioning muscle in lengthened position to pick up mild contractile strain. strong and only painful in lengthened range

Answer 26

indicates grade I contractile strain

Question 27

resisted testing - retest: improved P!/function

Answer 27

indicates inhibited m/regional interdependence

Question 28

resisted testing - retest: fatiguing weakness

Answer 28

indicates decreased nerve conduction

Question 29

resisted testing - retest: consistent weakness

Answer 29

indicates deconditioned/persistent contractile rupture

Question 30

resisted testing - retest: worse pain/function

Answer 30

indicates severe/acute condition

Question 31

stress test - rapid shallow force: P!, click, clunk, spasm; late, soft or empty end feel

Answer 31

P! indicates an acute condition the rest indicates joint hypermobility/instability

Question 32

stress test - slower, larger, and deeper hold for 10 sec.: P!, click, clunk, spasm; late, soft or empty end feel

Answer 32

P! indicates a persistent condition the rest indicates hypermobility/instability

Question 33

Stress test - distraction increases pain, compression relieves pain

Answer 33

indicates capsule, ligament or annulus

Question 34

stress test - distraction relieves pain, compression increases pain

Answer 34

indicates cartilage, nucleus pulposus, bone or spinal nerve

Question 35

stress test - both compression and distraction are painful

Answer 35

indicates acute condition

Question 36

stress test - if posterior/anterior pressures painful in the spine

Answer 36

pain indicates the level of a condition

Question 37

dermatomes - diminished or absent light/sharp touch

Answer 37

hyposensitivity --> LMN condition grades 0-1 = LMN

Question 38

dermatomes - if light/sharp touch assess normal, then __

Answer 38

use pinwheel to assess for hypersensitivity grade 3 = hypersensitivity --> UMN condition

Question 39

describe radiculopathy vs cutaneous nerve

Answer 39

radiculopathy = pinched nerve cutaneous nerve = numbness

Question 40

deep tendon reflexes - absent reflex

Answer 40

0 = LMN condition

Question 41

DTR - hyporeflexive

Answer 41

1+ = LMN condition

Question 42

DTR - large arc but normal dampening

Answer 42

3+ = UMN condition or nociplastic P!

Question 43

DTR - >3 beats

Answer 43

4+ = clonus; UMN condition

Question 44

myotomes - what would be an abnormal finding?

Answer 44

fatiguing weakness - LMN or UMN condition indicated

Question 45

dural mobility - symptoms increased from both ends

Answer 45

tension restriction (inelasticity)

Question 46

dural mobility - symptoms increased from one end but relieved from the other

Answer 46

gliding restriction (adhesion)

Question 47

pathological reflexes - abnormal finding

Answer 47

specific to individual reflex - indicates UMN condition