Cestodes Flashcards
1
Q
Flat and ribbon like bodies
It does not have body cavity or alimentary tract
It has excretory, nervous and reproductive system
A
CESTODES
2
Q
Forms of Cestodes
A
Adult, one or more larva, and ova
3
Q
All have hexacanth (inside the ova) embryo except:
A
E. granulosus (contains hydatid cyst)
4
Q
All are heteroxenous, except:
A
H. nana
5
Q
All are under Cyclophyllidea, except:
A
D. latum (under pseudophyllidean)
6
Q
has hexacanth, sucker/rostellum (apical protrusion) - hooklets for some
A
Anterior
7
Q
organ of attachment/adapted
A
Head (Scolex)
8
Q
germinal tissues for reproductive organs; region of growth, budding zone
A
Neck
9
Q
segments/proglottids
A
Trunk (Strobila)
10
Q
no contents just tissues
A
Immature segment
11
Q
reproductive organs
A
Mature proglottid
12
Q
contains eggs/ova
A
Ripe/Gravid proglottid
13
Q
most commonly used to identify tapeworms
- eggs, occasional gravid proglottid and rare scolex after treatment
A
Stool
14
Q
For Echinococcus granulosus (can be seen on tissue)
A
Biopsy
15
Q
ELISA uses blood/serum agglutination (antigen-antibody reaction)
A
Serological test
16
Q
High recovery for cestode’s ova
A
Perianal swab
17
Q
Adult Worm in intestines (small)
(Definitive Host)
A
D. latum
T. solium
T. saginata
H. nana
H. diminuta
18
Q
Larval Stage in Man
(Accidental Intermediate Host)
A
D. latum (spaganosis)
T. solium
Echinococcus granulosus
19
Q
for attachment in the intestinal mucosa
A
Four cup shaped structure (suckers)
20
Q
produce hooks, fleshy hooks or apical protrusion
A
Rostellum
21
Q
Treatments for tapeworms
A
removing the scolex in the intestinal mucosa
22
Q
globular scolex with hooklets
A
T. solium
23
Q
retractile globular scolex with Y shape rostellum
A
H. nana
24
Q
prominent conical rostellum with protrusion
A
D. caninum
25
globular scolex with hooklets
E. granulosus
26
almond/spatulated/spoon shape
D. latum
27
globular scolex without hooklets (small rostellum only)
T. saginata
28
scolex without hooklets rudimentary (undeveloped) apical rostellum
H. diminuta
29
Region of growth for strobila
Budding zone where segments originates Trunk (Strobila)
Neck
30
Chain of proglottids or segments
Young/Immature, Mature, Gravid/Ripe
31
Mature segment
Hermaphroditic segments
32
gravid segments
Uterus filled eggs
33
(Gravid Segment) Broader than long
D. latum
34
(Mature Segment) No distinct
D. latum
35
(Gravid Segment) Longer than broad
T. solium
T. saginata
36
(Mature Segment) 100-200 follicular testes
T. solium
37
(Mature Segment) 300-400 follicular testes
T. saginata
38
(Gravid Segment) Saccular uterus
H. nana and diminuta
39
(Mature Segment) 3 testes and 1 ovary
H. nana and diminuta
40
(Gravid Segment) Coiled/Loosely twisted with midline lateral evagination
E. granulosus
41
(Mature Segment) 1 set of reproductive structure
E. granulosus
42
Broad fish Tapeworm
Diphyllobothrium latum
43
Russian Broad Tapeworm
Diphyllobothrium latum
44
Only cestode to infect man
Diphyllobothrium latum
45
a pseudophyllidean
Diphyllobothrium latum
46
May cause Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Megaloblastic anemia)
Diphyllobothrium latum
47
Scolex:
With 2 false cuplike suckers or sucking grooves (bothria); almond shape or spatulate or spoon shaped
Diphyllobothrium latum
48
Proglottid:
Wider than they are ling; Rosette gravid proglottid (central uterine) ovary
Diphyllobothrium latum
49
Diphyllobothrium latum's Ova
Shape:
Somewhat oblong
50
Diphyllobothrium latum's Ova
Embryo:
Undeveloped, termed coracidium
51
Diphyllobothrium latum's Ova
Shell:
Smooth, yellow-brown in color
52
Diphyllobothrium latum's Ova
Other features:
Operculum on one end, terminal knob an opposite end
53
Diphyllobothrium latum's
Size range:
55-75um long; 40-55um wide
54
Diphyllobothrium latum's
Definitive Host:
Man
55
Diphyllobothrium latum's
Intermediate Host:
Fresh water crustaceans
56
Diphyllobothrium latum's (1st IH)
Copepods/Cyclops
57
Diphyllobothrium latum's (2nd IH)
Fresh water fishes (ie. Pile, eel, trout) (2nd IH is usually a smaller fish that is ingested by a larger fish)
58
Diphyllobothrium latum's
Infective stage to
o Man:
o 2nd IH:
o 1st IH:
o Man: Plerocercoid (2nd larval stage)
o 2nd IH: Plerocercoid
o 1st IH: Procercoid
59
not infective
1st larval stage is called procercoid
60
Armed tapeworm/Pork tapeworm
T. solium
61
Unarmed tapeworm/Beef tapeworm
T. saginata
62
T. solium and T. saginata
Definitive Host:
Man
63
T. solium's
Intermediate Host:
Pork/Swine
64
T. saginata's
Intermediate Host:
Cattles/Cow
65
T. solium's
Infective stage:
Cysticercus cellulosae; egg
66
T. saginata's
Infective stage:
Cysticercus bovis
67
T. solium's Length
2-3m
68
T. saginata's Length
5-10m
69
Scolex:
Small and globular, Rostellum with hooks (Double Crown)
T. solium
70
Scolex:
Large globular, Without rostellum nor hooks
T. saginata
71
Proglottid or Segment:
<1000
T. solium
72
Proglottid or Segment:
1,000-2,000
T. saginata
73
(natural detachment of gravid proglottid from the main body)
apolysis
74
Uterus (Lateral branches) Stain:
Square: 7-15 thick and dendritic on each side
T. solium
75
Uterus (Lateral branches) Stain:
Rectangular; 15-30 thin and dichotomous on each side
T. saginata
76
have Vaginal Sphincter
T. saginata
77
Seen on mature segment of T.solium
Accessory ovarian lobe
78
T. solium and T. saginata's Ova
Average size:
28-40 um by 18-30 um
79
T. solium and T. saginata's Ova
Hooklets:
Three pairs; hexacanth embryo
80
T. solium and T. saginata's Ova
Other features:
Radial striations on yellow brown embryophore
81
Also known as Rat Tapeworm
Hymenolepis diminuta
82
Scolex:
With four suckers, small (rudimentary) apical rostellum without hooks
Hymenolepis diminuta
83
Proglottid:
Rectangular; Saclike uterus filled with eggs; often difficult to see
Hymenolepis diminuta
84
Hymenolepis diminuta's Ova
Average size:
55 by 85 um
85
Hymenolepis diminuta's Ova
Hooklets:
Three pairs; hexacanth embryo
86
Hymenolepis diminuta's Ova
Polar thickenings:
Present
87
Hymenolepis diminuta's Ova
Polar filaments:
Absent
88
Hymenolepis nana and diminuta's Ova
Embyrophore:
Present; colorless
89
Also known as Dwarf Tapeworm
Hymenolepis nana
90
Smallest cestode to infect human intestine; deadliest and can migrate to the brain because of its size
Most common cestode in humans
Hymenolepis nana
91
Scolex:
With four suckers, small rostellum with one row of hooks
Hymenolepis nana
92
Proglottid:
Rectangular; Saclike uterus filled with eggs
Hymenolepis nana
93
Hymenolepis nana's Ova
Average size:
45 by 38 um
94
Hymenolepis nana's Ova
Hooklets:
Three pairs; hexacanth embryo
95
Hymenolepis nana's Ova
Polar thickenings:
Present
96
Hymenolepis nana's Ova
Polar filaments:
Present
97
Also known as Dog or Cat tapeworm or Pumpkin seed Tapeworm or Double pored Tapeworm
Dipylidium caninum
98
Infective stage of Dipylidium caninum
Cysticercoid larva
99
Infective stage to man in H. diminuta
Cysticercoid larva
100
Scolex:
With four suckers, club shaped armed rostellum with up to seven circlets
Dipylidium caninum
101
Pumpkin seed mature and gravid proglottid; two sets of reproductive organs (Vase-shape appearance)
Dipylidium caninum
102
Dipylidium caninum's Ova
Number of eggs in enclosed packet:
5-30
103
Dipylidium caninum's Ova
Diameter range per egg:
30-60um
104
Dipylidium caninum's Ova
Individual egg features:
Six hooked oncosphere
105
Also known as Dog tapeworm or Hydatid Tapeworm
Echinococcus granulosus
106
Echinococcus granulosus
Definitive Host:
Dogs
107
Echinococcus granulosus
Intermediate Host:
Sheep and Man (Man is the accidental intermediate host) - Sparganosis
108
highly antigen that may lead to anaphylactic shock
Hydatid Cyst fluid
109
skin test for E. granulosus
Casoni Test
110
Infective stage of man of E. granulosus:
Hydatid cysts
111
Scolex, small neck, and three proglottids, one at each developmental stage, With twisted or coiled uterus
Adult Echinococcus granulosus
112
Indistinguishable to Taenia eggs, cannot be recovered in human
Ova Echinococcus granulosus
