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PARA 2 (FINALS) > PROTOZOA (Apicomplexa) > Flashcards

PROTOZOA (Apicomplexa) Flashcards

1
Q

No definite locomotory organelle (no flagella, pseudopodia but has schizogony and sporogony cycle)

A

Apicomplexa

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2
Q

Blood-borne and arthropod transmitted parasite

A

Apicomplexa

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3
Q

Most common Apicomplexa worldwide

A

P. vivax

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4
Q

Intermediate host of Apicomplexa

A

Man

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5
Q

Apicomplexa
Infective stage:

A

Sporozoite

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6
Q

Apicomplexa
Definitive Host

A

Mosquito (vector)

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7
Q

Mosquito
Infective stage:

A

Gametocyte

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8
Q

Has rings

A

Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum

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9
Q

Plasmodium vivax
Trophozoite:

A

amoeboid; deforms the erythrocyte

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10
Q

Plasmodium vivax
Schizonts:

A

12-24 merozoites (will infect RBC)

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11
Q

Plasmodium vivax
Gametocyte:

A

Round-oval

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12
Q

Plasmodium ovale
Trophozoite:

A

compact

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13
Q

Plasmodium ovale
Schizonts:

A

6-14 merozoites. Dark pigment (rosettes)

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14
Q

Plasmodium ovale
Gametocyte:

A

Round-oval

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15
Q

use peripheral blood smear

A

Differential count – Plasmodium malariae

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16
Q

Plasmodium falciparum
Has rings:

A

double chromatin dots; accole forms; multiple infections in same red cell

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17
Q

Plasmodium falciparum
Trophozoite:

A

compact (rarely seen in peripheral blood)

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18
Q

Plasmodium falciparum
Gametocyte:

A

mature (M) and Immature form (I) (the immature form is rarely seen in peripheral blood)

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19
Q

Plasmodium falciparum
Schizonts:

A

8-24 merozoites (rarely seen in peripheral blood)

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20
Q

Plasmodium falcifarum
RBC inclusion:

A

Mauer’s Dots

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21
Q

Plasmodium vivax
RBC Inclusion:

A

Shuffner’s granules/Dot

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22
Q

Plasmodium malariae
RBC Inclusion:

A

Zieman’s dots

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23
Q

Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium knowlesi
RBC Inclusion:

A

Shuffner’s/James’ dots

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24
Q

Resistant to P. falciparum

A

Sickle cell trait

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25
Seen in P. vivax and P. ovale
Relapse
26
Resistant to P. vivax
Duffy Negative (Fy (a-,b-)
27
P. falciparum RBC preference:
All sizes
28
RBC preference: Reticulocyte/Young (Increase in RBC/Swell)
P. vivax P. ovale
29
RBC preference: Senescent/Old (Decrease/ Shrink)
P. malariae
30
Hypnozoite: Absent
P. falciparum P. malariae
31
Hypnozoite: Present
P. vivax P. ovale
32
All stages in PBS
P. vivax P. malariae P. ovale
33
Stages in PBS: Gametocyte, Ring form, Trophozoite
P. falciparum
34
Microgametocyte: Spherical, pale blue cytoplasm
P. falciparum P. vivax P. malariae P. ovale
35
Spherical deep blue cytoplasm
Macrogametocyte
36
for rapid diagnosis, must be hemoglobinized prior to staining
Thick smear
37
used for identification of species, fix it by alcohol prior to staining
Thin smear
38
ex. stain used for thin smear
o Giemsa stain o Wright’s o Hematoxylin
39
fixation is no longer necessary since it contains alcohol
Wright’s
40
must be dehemoglobinized using 3% formalin with 1% acetic acid
Hematoxylin
41
For demonstration of malaria, blood should be collected during the peak of fever
paroxysm
42
chilling, high temperature, profuse sweating
paroxysm
43
 Rule: Smear for suspicion and another smear after out of fever  Smears should be done before antimalarial treatment
Thin smear
44
commonly used stain when we examine malarial specimen
Giemsa
45
Buffered (H2O) + Fixed in Methanol
Giemsa
46
No fixation needed: Alcohol
Leishman Stain
47
hematocrit -> buffy coat
Quantitative buffy coat method
48
dipstick test for simple or rapid examination for P. falciparum
Para-sight F. test
49
IHA, IFAT, ELISA. Cannot determine current or previous infection, used only in epidemiological studies
Serological
50
MOT of malaria
bite blood transfusion and transplacental transmission
51
Cryptozoite developed when they are on hepatic cell (liver); extracellular infection  infect red blood cell; intracellular infection  trophozoite (ring form) earliest form after the invasion of rbc (ruby ring/signet stage); vegetative stage containing 1 nucleus and develop within RBC  Schizonts a trophozoite in which the nucleus are divided  merozoites found inside the RBC, many schizonts  Hypnozoites dormant stage that persist in liver cells (P. vivax, P. ovale)  gametocytes (micro and macro)  can suck blood
Immature
52
developed when they are on hepatic cell (liver); extracellular infection -> infect red blood cell; intracellular infection
Cryptozoite
53
(ring form) earliest form after the invasion of rbc (ruby ring/signet stage); vegetative stage containing 1 nucleus and develop within RBC
trophozoite
54
a trophozoite in which the nucleus are divided -> merozoites found inside the RBC, many schizonts
Schizonts
55
dormant stage that persist in liver cells (P. vivax, P. ovale)
Hypnozoites
56
(micro and macro) -> can suck blood
gametocytes
57
*happens inside the body of mosquito
Mature
58
(cell resulting from the union of male and female gametocyte)
Gametes -> zygote
59
(motile zygote)
ookinetes
60
(encysted form of ookinetes)
oocyst
61
(oocyst in which the sporozoite will develop)
sporocyst
62
infect the salivary gland of mosquito -> human
sporozoite
63
happens inside the human body, known as the asexual cycle (no union of gametocyte inside the body of human)
Schizogony
64
develop in mosquito, sexual cycle (union of micro and macro gametocyte)
Sporogony
65
Due to tick bites (pulgas/Exodes)
Babesia microti
66
four trophozoite attached with maltese cross appearance
Merozoite
67
similar to malarial parasite and can be mistaken from ring forms of P. falciparum
Intraerythrocytic parasite transmitted by bites
68
Can be transmitted also via transfusion
Babesia microti
69
Disease associated in Babesia microti
Babesiosis, Piroplasmosis caused hemolytic anemia, jaundice, hepatomegaly (after 1-2 weeks of onset), fever
70
lacks blood pigment in the ischizenic stage No large growing trophozoite and gametocyte. Many ring form (4-5) Smaller rings than malaria trophozoite is pear shaped
B. microti in ring forms

PARA 2 (FINALS) (10 decks)

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