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Parasitology Exam 2 > Cestodes > Flashcards

Cestodes Flashcards

1
Q

Flatworms belong to what Phylum?

A

Platyhelminthes

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2
Q

Platyhelminthes bodies are flattened ______ and have bilateral symmetry. They do/do not require IH. Most species are _______

A

dorso-ventrally
do have intermediate hosts
hemaphroditic

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3
Q

Platyhelminthes also lack a ________ as all of their organs are suspended in ______

A

body cavity

parenchyma

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4
Q

What are the three classes of Platyhelminthes?

A

Turbelleria (free-living; dont care)
Cestoda
Trematoda

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5
Q

The class ______ are flat and ribboned or band shaped.

A

Cestoda

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6
Q

Cestodes have no _______ or _______

A

digestive tract

body cavity

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7
Q

The ______ is responsible for holding the parasite in place

A

Scolex

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8
Q

Name the 3 different features a scolex can have

A

Rostrellum
Acetabulum
Bothrium

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9
Q

______ act as suckers on teh scolex. Bohrium are _______ on the scolex. ______ are spiny projections.

A

Acetabulum
Raised structures
Rostrellum

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10
Q

Cestodes use ______ to absorb nutrients

A

tegument

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11
Q

What are the calcareous bodies used for?

A

No one knows; possibly ion storage?

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12
Q

Strobili are a chain of _____ that make up the body of ____

A

proglottids

Cestodes

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13
Q

______ lack a uterine pore, while ______ have a uterine pore. Both have a genital pore

A

Cyclophylidian; eggs accumulate in the proglottids

Diphyllobothridean; shed their eggs

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14
Q

Diphyllobothriidea is associated with aquatic/terrestrial foodchain. They contain a _______ pore and a _____ pore.

A

Aquatic foodchain
Uterine
Genital

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15
Q

Oncosphere of Diphyllobothriidea develops into a ______ in the 1st IH, which is a _______

A

procercoid

Copepod (aquatic)

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16
Q

When the 2nd IH ingests the ______ of Diphyllobothriidea, it becomes a _______

A

procercoid

plerocercoid

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17
Q

Eggs of Diphyllobothriidea contain a ______ that dies unless it is ingested by the IH

A

coracidium

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18
Q

Name the 2 specific worms in the order Diphyllobothriidea

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

Spirometra mansonoides

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19
Q

______ is known as the zipper tape worm. Uterine pores are located medially

A

Spirometra mansonoides

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20
Q

______ life cycle involves fish and fish eating mammals

A

Diphylloborthium latum

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21
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum definitive hosts:

A

BEAR, dog, cat, humans

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22
Q

________ is most prevalent in teh northern areas of the world. Is associated with eating raw/undercooked/improperly pickled fish

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

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23
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum adults reside in teh _______. Eggs are released/retained by the proglottid. Eggs can/cannot be seen in feces

A

Small intestine
releasesed (median uterine pore)
CAN be seen in feces

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24
Q

T/F Diphyllobothrium latum retains its mature proglottids

A

TRUE; centrally located uterine pore but the proglottids are retained.

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25
Describe the life cycle of Diphyllobothrium latum
1. Coracidium is released in egg in feces. 2. Coracidium is ingested by copepod, now procercoid 3: 1st IH ingested by 2nd IH (FISH) where plerocercoid develops in muscles 4: DH ingests 2nd IH, migrates to SI, becomes adult
26
Diphyllobothrium latum eggs are similar in appearance to ______ eggs
Fluke
27
Signs/Diagnosis/Control of Diphyllobothrium latum
Humans are usually asymptomatic Fecal float to see eggs Tx: Praziquantel! Control: Cook/pickle your fish properly
28
_____________ has its uterine, and genital pores located medially
Spirometra mansonoides
29
Spirometra mansonoides retains/shed its mature proglottids
Sheds them; this is known as the zipper tape worm | Can often see these in the feces
30
Spirometra mansonoides is most commonly seen where/
Florida/gulf coast
31
Spirometra mansonoides definitive hosts:
Cats, dogs, anything preying on intermediate hosts
32
Spirometra 1st and 2nd IH:
Copepod | ANYTHING BUT FISH
33
_______ is the infection of an abberant vertebrae host with a plerocercoid
Spraginosis
34
How does a human get sparginosis? How is this treated?
They have to ingest the copepod | Have to manually remove the worms
35
The Order ________ is associated with terrestrial food chain and adults are often found in the GI tract of the definitive host
Cyclophyllidea
36
Worms from the order _______ often retain their eggs in their proglottids
Cyclophyllidea
37
Cyclophyllidea often use _____ or _______ as IH hosts
herbivore or arthropod
38
What are the common larval (metacestode) types seen in Cyclophyllidea?
``` Cysticercoid cysticercus strobilocercus coenurus hydatid cyst ```
39
Name the Taenia species: (8)
``` Taenia solium Taenia saginata Taenia multiceps Taenia pisiformis Taenia taeniaeformis Taenia ovis Taenia hydatigena Taenia serialis ```
40
Taenia IH include:
Pigs, ruminants, rabbits, rodents
41
Taenia adults reside in the ______ and shed eggs/proglottids in teh feces
Small intesitine | proglottids full of eggs
42
Adult Taenia characteristics
Scolex with acetabulum and rostrellum Proglottids are longer than they are wide Single set of reproductive organs Single genital pore
43
What do the different Taenia eggs look like? Explain in great detail
JK they all look the same. Echinococcus also look the same
44
What is the best way to diagnose Taenia infection? Fecal float?
NO, need to do the squash test to get the eggs out of the proglottids
45
What metacestodes are often seen with Taenia?
Cysticercus: single, fluid filled sac with a single protoscolex Coenurus: single, fluid filled sac with several protoscolices
46
_______ contains several protoscolices, while ______ contain only one protoscolex
Cysticercus | Coenurus
47
_______ is the Pork Tapeworm, as the IH is pigs and the DH is _______
Taenia solium | Humans
48
Taenia solium is acquired by a human how?
Ingesting undercooked/raw pork that contains the cysticercus in teh striated muscle
49
Taenia solium life cycle. GO!
Eggs are ingested by pig, where it hatches and is carried to the muscle, where the cysticercus develops Human then eats the cysticercus in undercooked pork
50
T/F It is possible for humans to become the IH for Taenia solium
TRUE; would have to eat food contaminated by human feces. Ya nasty
51
________ is more likely in developing countries and is commonly called "measly beef"
Taenia saginata
52
Taenia saginata cysticercus is located where? Where are the adults?
Striated muscle of cattle | SI of humans
53
_____ is referred to as the gid worm and has a definitive host of canids
Taenia multiceps
54
Taenia multiceps intermediate hosts:
Cattle, goats, sheep
55
How would a human become an IH for Taenia multiceps?
Would have to ingest eggs passed in the feces of dogs
56
In Taenia multiceps the cysticerus/coernus develops in the _____ which can cause gid, otherwise known as _______
Coernus, different than the others CNS or brain Staggers
57
________ is the most common tapeworm of dogs in the US
Taenia pisiformis
58
Taenia pisiformis metecestode stage
cysticercus
59
Taenia pisiformis IH:
rabbits or rodents
60
The cysticercoid of Teania pisiformis develops where?
Liver/peritoneal cavity of the rabbit/rodent
61
Taenia taeniaformis has what for a definitive host?
Cat
62
The intermediate host of ____________ is rats, which become infected when they ingest eggs from the feces of cats
Taenia taeniaformis
63
Taenia taeniaeformis has _____ as a metacestode. Where does it develop?
Strobilocercus (look at picture) | Develops in the liver of the rodent
64
_________ has an IH of sheep/goats. If affects dogs/wild canids
Taenia ovis
65
Taenia ovis has a metacestode form of _____
cysticercus
66
_______ cause a disease called Blacks disease in teh IH of cattle/pigs
Taenia hydatigena; causes cysts known as waterballs
67
Taenia hydatigena uses what for IH?
herbivores and pigs
68
What are the Taenia species that pose public health concerns?
``` Taenia solium (human, cysticercus) Taenia saginata (human, cysticercus) Taenia multiceps (Canine, coernus) ```
69
What are the Taenia species that pose a problem to companion animals?
``` Taenia pisiformis (Dog, cysticercus) Taenia taeniaeformis (Cat, strobilus) ```
70
Echinococcus granulosus has a _______ for its metacestode stage
unilocular hydatid cyst
71
Echinococcus granulosus definitive host
domestic and wild canids
72
Echinococcus granulosus intermediate host
mosse, sheep, cattle, caribou
73
Echinococcus granulosus life cycle
Adults are in the SI Eggs are shed via proglottid in the feces Eggs ingested by the IH and lodges in the capillary bed Becomes the hydatid cyst PRotoscolices the mature if they are consumed by the DH
74
Hydatid cysts can be seen in ________ infections
Echinococcus granulosus
75
_______ is seen in 100% prevalence in red foxes
Echinococcus multioculars
76
Echinococcus multioculars has an _______________ as a metacestode
alveolar hydatid cyst
77
Echinococcus multioculars definitive host:
Canids
78
Echinococcus ocularis intermediate hosts
rodents, cattle, swine, horses
79
Where does the alveolar hydatid cyst of the Echinococcus multiocularis develop?
Live of the IH
80
T/F Echinococcus multiocularis is important as a possible zoonotic disease
TRUE; humans can be infected by ingesting eggs
81
Diagnosis/treatment of Echinococcus multiocularis
Fecal float; eggs look very similar to Taenia eggs. | PRAZIQUANTEL
82
Cestodes involved in a herbivore/carnivore cycle
``` Taenia solium Taenia saginata Taenia multiceps Taenia ovis Taenia pisiformis Taenia taniaeformis Taenia hydatigena Taenia serialis Echinococcus granulosus Echinococcus multiocularis ```
83
Dipylidium caninum is what?
Cestode with definitive hosts of canids, felines, and children
84
Diplydium caninum uses what IH?
Fleas
85
Metacircaria structure of Dipylidium caninum
cysticercoid
86
How does the definitive host become infected with Dipylidium caninum?
Ingest the flea containing the cysticercoid
87
What is the distinguishing feature of Dipylidium caninum eggs?
eggs are in baskets
88
Dipylidium caninum sheds its eggs/proglottids which can be found______
proglottids | feces and perianal area
89
Treatment of Dipylidium caninum?
PRAZI-MUTHAFUCKIN-QUANTEL And maybe some flea control
90
If you see an animal infected with Dipylidium caninum, it is safe to assume they are also infested with _____
fleas
91
Mesocestoides species adults are where in the DH?
Small intestine
92
What is on the Mesocestoides scolex
4 acetabulum
93
What are the two mesocestoides of the Mesocestoides?
cysticercoid | tetrathyridium
94
What is the certain disease that Mesocestoides can cause in dogs?
Canine peritoneal larval cestodiasis (CPLC)
95
What is Canine peritoneal larval cesodiasis
When dogs become the IH and Mesocestoides can be in the peritoneum and the tetrathyridia to reproduce asexually
96
What are the intermediate hosts for Mesocestoides?
1st: Fleas 2nd: reptile, rodent, amphibian
97
Equine cestodes:
Anoplocephala magna Anoplocephala perfoliata Paranoplocephala mamilana
98
_____ is the largest equine cestode
Anoplocephala magna
99
_______ has the distinguishing lappets under the scolex
Anoplocephala perfoliata
100
T/F Anoplocephala perfoliata is associated with colic
Trick question. Maybe? I don't really know and he doens't either
101
Paranoplocephala mamilana
harmless, these are less than 2 centimeters long
102
Ruminant cestodes
Monezia expansa | Monezia benedeni
103
_______ are in sheep and goats. The eggs are _______
Monezia expansa | Triangular
104
_____ are in cattle. The eggs are ________
Monezia benedeni | Square
105
Where are the Monezia adults? What do they shed?
They are in the small intestine | They shed their proglottids with eggs
106
_______ is the fringed tape worm that can be seen in small ruminants in the western US
Thyanthosoma actinoides
107
Thyanthosoma actinoides eggs; what is special about them?
Another one that is in an egg basket
108
Hymenolepis species. What is the definitive host?
Humans and rodents
109
What are the avian tapeworms?
Davainea proglottina Raillietina echinobothridia Houttynia struthionis
110
Davainea proglottina is associated with what?
decreased growth and hemorrhagic enteritis
111
Raillietina echinobothridia is associated with what?
decreased weight and production

Parasitology Exam 2 (7 decks)

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