CH 1 Flashcards
Introduction to SCCP (40 cards)
What is social psychology?
Scientific investigation of how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the (actual, imagined, or implied) presence of others.
Define “behavior”.
It is what people actually do, that can be objectively measured. Feelings, thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, intentions and goals.
What is the “social” aspect in social psychology?
It studies how people are affected by other people’s presence.
Define “thought”.
It is an internalized and private activity that can occur when we are alone and is based on implied presence.
Explain why is social psychology considered a science?
It uses the scientific method using empirical research to arrive at conclusions which are based on data.
What disciplines are related to social psychology?
Environmental psychology, Cognitive psychology, Economics, Individual Psychology, Social Anthropology, Sociology,…
What is the difference between social psychology and sociology or social anthropology?
The latter 2 are social sciences, while social psychology is a behavioral science. - different approaches to research
Explain confirmation bias.
It is the tendency to seek, interpret, and create information that verifies existing explanations for the cause of the event.
What are subject effects?
Subject effects are effects that are not spontaneous due to demand characteristic/participants trying to please the experimenter.
Explain demand characteristics.
Features of an experiment that seem to demand a certain response.
Explain “experimenter effects”.
These are effects produced/influenced by clues to the hypotheses under examination, accidentally communicated by the experimenter.
What are field experiments? Name advantages and disadvantages.
Field experiments are experiments outside of the lab. Participants don’t know they are being studied. High external validity, low internal validity.
What is “discourse” as a non-experimental research method?
It is a communicative event located in situational and socio-historical context.
What are the most important ethical guidelines?
Protection from harm, right to privacy, deception, informed consent, debriefing.
What is social identity theory?
Explains how behavior of people in group relates to their self-conception as group members.
What is meant by “metatheory”?
Theory about what theory/type of theory is appropriate.
What is “radical behaviorism”?
It explains observable behavior in terms of reinforcement schedules, without taking into consideration any intervening unobservable constructs.
What is “neo-behaviorism”?
It attempts to explain observable behavior in terms of contextual factors and unobservable intervening constructs such as beliefs, feelings, and motives.
What does the behaviorist perspective emphasize?
The role of situational factors and reinforcement/learning in social behaviors.
Describe briefly the reinforcement-affect model of interpersonal attraction.
It states that people grow to like other people more with whom they associate positive experiences.
Describe social exchange theory.
Social interactions depend on people’s evaluation of the rewards and costs involved.
What is social modeling?
People learn indirectly social behaviors that they see reinforced/rewarded in others.
What is “drive theory”?
The strength of a learnt response influences how well you perform when perceiving the presence of others.
How do we explain behavior with cognitive theories?
In terms of the way people actively interpret and represent their experiences and then plan action.
