Ch. 1

Question 0

All matter consists of _______, which combine as ________.

Answer 0

Atoms, molecules

Question 1

What is biology defined as?

Answer 1

The systematic study of life

Question 2

Individuals that consist of one or more cells.

Answer 2

Organisms

Question 3

Cells of larger multicelled organisms are organized as ______, ______, and _______.

Answer 3

Tissues, organs, and organ systems

Question 4

What is the hierarchy of life’s organization?

Answer 4

Atoms-molecules-cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organism.

Question 5

Population

Answer 5

A group of individuals of a species in a given area

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

All populations of all species in a given area

Question 7

Ecosystem

Answer 7

A community interacting with its environment

Question 8

Biosphere

Answer 8

Includes all regions of earth that hold life

Question 10

Continual ______ and _______ maintain life’s complex organization.

Answer 10

Inputs of energy, cycling of materials

Question 11

Organisms _____________ to change

Answer 11

Sense and respond

Question 12

All organisms use __________ inherited from parents to function and reproduce

Answer 12

Information in DNA

Question 13

All organisms use ______ and ______ to sustain themselves

Answer 13

• energy

- nutrients

Question 14

Energy

Answer 14

The capacity to do work

Question 15

Nutrient

Answer 15

Substance that an organism needs for growth and survival, but cannot make for itself

Question 16

________ harvest energy from the environment to make their own food by processes such as _______

Answer 16

• Producers

- photosynthesis

Question 17

________ eat other organisms, or their wastes and remains

Answer 17

Consumers

Question 18

__________ are specialized consumers that break down waste and dead organic material.

Answer 18

Decomposers

Question 19

Homeostasis

Answer 19

The term used to describe how a living organism maintains internal conditions needed to remain alive

Question 20

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 20

Contains information that guides all of an organism’s metabolic activities like growth, development, and reproduction

Question 21

The passage of DNA from parents to offspring is _________

Answer 21

Inheritance

Question 22

Biodiversity

Answer 22

A measure of all of the types of organisms in a given area

Question 23

All organisms are grouped into one of three major groups called _______

Answer 23

Domains

Question 24

What are the three major domains of organisms?

Answer 24

1. Bacteria
2. archaea
3. Eukarya

Question 25

Which domains of living organisms are prokaryotes?

Answer 25

- bacteria | - archaea

Question 26

Which domains of living organisms is eukaryotes?

Answer 26

Eukarya

Question 27

Are single-celled, and in their DNA is not contained within a nucleus

Answer 27

Bacteria and archaeans

Question 28

The DNA of bacteria and archaeans is not contained within a _______

Answer 28

Nucleus

Question 29

Can be single-celled or multicelled, and their DNA is contained within a nucleus, cells usually larger and more complex than bacteria and archaea

Answer 29

Eukaryotes

Question 30

Archaea

Answer 30

Single cells, no nucleus. Evolutionarily closer to eukaryotes than bacteria

Question 31

________ are the simplest eukaryotes, ranging from amoebas to giant kelps

Answer 31

Protists

Question 32

Many ________ are decomposes; type of eukaryotic consumer that obtains nutrients by digestion and absorption outside the body

Answer 32

Fungi

Question 33

Plants

Answer 33

Multicelled photosynthetic producers that provide food for most other organisms

Question 34

Animals

Answer 34

Multicelled consumers that eat other organisms; they include herbivores, carnivores, scavengers, and parasites

Question 35

Each type of organism has a unique, two-part scientific name. The first part is the ______ name.

Answer 35

Genus

Question 36

When the genus name is combined with the ______, it designates a particular species

Answer 36

Specific epithet

Question 37

_______ sorts all species on the basis of shared traits

Answer 37

Taxonomy

Question 38

Inductive reasoning

Answer 38

Generally used by a researcher observing something in nature to form a hypothesis

Question 39

Deductive reasoning

Answer 39

Used by researchers to make a prediction about what might occur if the hypothesis is not wrong

Question 40

Predictions are tested with observations,_______, or both.

Answer 40

Experiments

Question 41

Experiments typically are performed on an __________ as compares with a ________

Answer 41

Experimental group, control group

Question 42

The scientific method:

Answer 42

- observation - hypothesis formation - prediction - experimentation - conclusion

Question 43

In an experiment, a ____ is a characteristic or event that differs among individuals over time

Answer 43

Variables

Question 44

Independent variable

Answer 44

Variable that is controlled by an experimenter in order to explore its relationship to a dependent variable

Question 45

Dependent variable

Answer 45

The variable in an experiment that is presumably affected by the independent variable that is being tested

Question 46

Scientific theory

Answer 46

A longstanding hypothesis that is useful form making predictions about other phenomena

Question 47

Law of nature

Answer 47

Describes something that occurs without fail, but for which we do not have a complete scientific explanation.

Question 48

The cell

Answer 48

The basic unit of life