Ch. 1-2 Flashcards
The study of the function I body parts
Physiology
The study of the structure of body parts
Anatomy
Face forward, arms at sides, palms facing forward, and body is erect
Anatomical position
Include the neuron, proton, and electron. Combine to form atom
Subatomic particles
Ex. C, H, O
Considered the least complex level of organization
Smallest particle of an element
Combine to form molecules/compounds
Atom
Ex. CO2 H2O
Particle composed of two or more (chemically) joined atoms
Combine to form macromolecules
Molecules/compounds
Ex. Carbohydrates,lipids,proteins
Large molecule comprised of smaller “building block” molecules
Combine to form organelles
Macromolecules
Ex. Cell membrane, nucleus, ribosome, mitochondria
“Small organ” of a cell which performs a particular function
Collectively compose cells
Organelles
Basic unit of structure and function of living organisms; each has a set or organelles and performs a particular function
Similar cells with some extra cellular material are arranged into tissues
Cells
Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Group of similar cells that performs a specialized function
Combine to form organs
Tissues
Skin, heart, brain
Structure consisting of a group of different tissues that perform a specialized function
Combine to form
Organs
Integumentary, nervous, cardiovascular
Group of different organs that act together to carry out a specialized function
11 form the human organism
Organ system
Most complex level of organization
Group of organ systems
Individual living think
Human organism
Change in position I the body or of a body part, internal or external
Movement
Reaction to a change taking place (stimulus)
Responsiveness
Increase in body size and changes that take place from birth to death
Growth and Development
Producing new individuals and new cells either asexually or sexually
Reproduction
The release of energy from foods which in humans requires taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide
Respiration
Harvesting energy without using oxygen
Anaerobic respiration
Harvesting energy with oxygen
Aerobic respiration
Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used by cells
Digestion
Passage of substances (waste) into body fluids
Absorption
Movement of substances from place to place in body fluids (blood)
Circulation
Synthesis changing of absorbing substances into chemically different forms; building new compounds
Assimilation