Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anthropology > Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 12 > Flashcards

Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Fieldwork in a particular culture?

A

Ethnography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Extends to all societies, ancient and modern, simple and complex.

A

Anthropology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors.

A

Anthropology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pertaining to the whole of the human condition, past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture.

A

Holistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Traditions and customs that govern behavior and beliefs; distinctly human; transmitted through learning.

A

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Comparative perspective

A

Compares biology and cultural variation between human groups in all places and at all times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Archaeological anthropology

A

Reconstructs past human behavior through the material remains of a culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Applied anthropology

A

The application of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve contemporary social problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Artifacts

A

Anything made, modified, or utilized by humans, and found in the archaeological record

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Assimilation

A

When one culture gets taken over by another culture and their culture no longer exist, there is one culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Adaptation

A

The process by which organisms cope with environmental stresses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Biological anthropology

A

The comparative and dichotic and holistic study of human Biological diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Business anthropology

A

Include ethnography and observation as ways of gathering data, cross cultural expertise, and focus on cultural diverse city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Biocultural perspective

A

The understanding of how biology and culture interact to influence the human condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cultural anthropology

A

The study of human society and culture explains social and cultural similarities and differences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Carlisle Indian school

A

school where white army thought that they could turn native americans into white Americans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Consultant

A

A well informed informant with specialized knowledge who teaches the anthropologist while in the field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cultural relativism

A

The position that values and standards of cultures differ and deserve respect. In order to understand another culture fully, anthropologists try to understand its members beliefs and motivations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CRM

A

Cultural resource management, The approach of preserving and collecting sites threatened by development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Napoleon Chagnon

A

is an American anthropologist and professor of anthropology He studied the tribe Yanomamo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cultural ecology

A

is the study of human adaptations to social and physical environments. Human adaptation refers to both biological and cultural processes that enable a population to survive and reproduce within a given or changing environmen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cemetery mitigation

A

Reduces the negative affects of cemeteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Development anthropology

A

The branch of applied anthropology that focuses on social issues in, and the cultural dimension of, economic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Discrimination

A

To deliberately harm members of another social group as a result of prejudice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Ethnocide

A

When members of one culture deliberately destroy the members of another group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Edward B. Taylor

A

offered a broad definition, stating that culture is “that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Enculturation

A

The social process by which culture is learned and transmitted across the generations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Devaluation of another’s culture relative to your own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Ethnology

A

Examines analyzes and compares Ethnographies in order to identify and explain cultural differences and similarities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Ethnicity

A

Identification with, and feeling part of, an ethnic group and exclusion from certain other groups because of this affiliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Ethnomedicine

A

The study of how different cultures understand and treat disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Ecological perspective

A

used primarily as a qualitative research perspective borrowed from the natural sciences, where environmental factors are influential and studied in addition to the primary subjects of the research

33
Q

Ethnic cleansing

A

Genocide and forced migration

34
Q

Educational anthropology

A

is a sub-field of anthropology

35
Q

Ethnic state

A

One nation one culture

36
Q

Etic

A

Outsiders perspective

37
Q

Emic

A

Natives perspective

38
Q

Ethnic group

A

Group distinguished by cultural similarities shared among members of that group and differences between that group and others. Ethnic group members are thought to share beliefs, values, habits, customs, and norms

39
Q

Fieldwork

A

The process of becoming a cultural anthropologist has required field experience in another’s society

40
Q

Informal interviewing

A

Open ended and unstructured

41
Q

Formal interviewing

A

Grows out of cultural knowledge, scripted

42
Q

Forensic anthropology

A

Biological physical anthropology

43
Q

Franz Boaz

A

Father of American anthropology

44
Q

Genealogical method

A

Ethnographers discover and record connections of kinship, descent, and marriage, using diagrams and symbols

45
Q

Genocide

A

A systematic killing of a racial or cultural group

46
Q

Homo sapiens sapiens

A

Genius species subspecies

47
Q

Why the second Sapiens

A

Neanderthals existed 200,000 to 25,000 years ago the middle east and Europe

48
Q

Rapport

A

Friendly personal relationships based on personal contact with informants

49
Q

Life histories

A

Personal narratives that focus on an individual within the culture

50
Q

Informant

A

Has specialized knowledge teaching the anthropologist in the field

51
Q

Independent invention

A

Development of the same cultural trait or pattern in separate cultures as a result of comparable needs and circumstances

52
Q

Informed consent

A

An agreement sought by ethnographers from community members to take part in research

53
Q

Indian removal act

A

federal law that permitted the president to give public lands in the West to Indians residing in eastern states, in exchange for their removal west of the Mississippi River

54
Q

Industrial anthropology

A

help companies design products and organizational processes that incorporate an understanding of consumers, employees and external communities

55
Q

Linguistic anthropology

A

Focuses on communication, is a sub discipline of general anthropology

56
Q

Medical anthropology

A

Unites biological and cultural anthropologist in the study of disease, health problems, and healthcare systems

57
Q

Multiculturalism

A

Being of one or more cultures at the same time

58
Q

Multiethnic state

A

Not one but many cultures in one nation

59
Q

Melting pot

A

An environment in which many ideas and races are socially assimilated

60
Q

Neanderthals

A

Lived 25 to 200,000 years ago in Middle East and Europe, humans have 1 to 4% of the DNA, They have larger brains than humans.

61
Q

Primates

A

All humans are primates

62
Q

Culture

A

Everything that you learn, not biology

63
Q

Prejudice

A

To negatively judge members of another social group based on stereotype

64
Q

Racism

A

Discrimination against an ethnic group assumed to have a biological basis

65
Q

Survey research

A

Characteristic research Procedure among social scientist other than anthropologists, which studies society through sampling, statistical analysts and impersonal data collection

66
Q

Salvage anthropology

A

is related to salvage ethnography, but often refers specifically to the collection of cultural artifacts and human remains, rather than the general collection of data and images

67
Q

Social race

A

A group assumed to have a biological basis but actually perceived and defined in a social context, by a particular culture rather than by scientific criteria.

68
Q

Salad bowl

A

Instead of having one big culture, the American culture, there are many cultures in America, thus the salad bowl

69
Q

Participant observation

A

A characteristic ethnographic technique, taking part in the events one is observing, describing, and analyzing

70
Q

Yanomamo

A

a member of American Indian people living in Southern Venezuela and Brazil

71
Q

Diachronic perspective

A

concerned with phenomena, such as linguistic features, as they change through time

72
Q

Nature

A

Biology

73
Q

Nurture

A

Culture

74
Q

The pizza effect

A

Taking one thing, bringing it to another place, making it into something bigger, and then taking it back to the original place.

75
Q

Consultant

A

A well informed informant with specialized knowledge who teaches an anthropologist while in the field

76
Q

Taxonomy

A

The scientific study of the classification of life

77
Q

Diffusion

A

Borrowing between cultures either directly or through intermediaries

78
Q

U.S.A.I.D

A

United States agency for international development

79
Q

Urban anthropology

A

Is the cross cultural and ethnographic study of global urbanization and life in cities

Anthropology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions